Marvel Entertainment, LLC (formerly Marvel Enterprises) was an American entertainment company founded in June 1998 and based in New York City, formed by the merger of Marvel Entertainment Group and Toy Biz. The company has been a wholly owned subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company since 2009, and was mainly known for consumer products, licensing, and comic books by Marvel Comics, as well as its early forays into films and television/streaming shows, including those within the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU).
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Logo used since 2012 | |
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Headquarters in 1290 Avenue of the Americas, New York | |
| Formerly | Marvel Enterprises (1998–2005) |
|---|---|
| Company type | Subsidiary |
| Traded as | NYSE: MVL (1998–2009) |
| Industry | Entertainment |
| Genre | Superhero fiction |
| Predecessors | |
| Founded | June 2, 1998; 25 years ago |
| Defunct | March 29, 2023; 10 months ago |
| Fate | Folded into The Walt Disney Company |
| Successor | The Walt Disney Company |
| Headquarters | 1290 Avenue of the Americas,
New York City , United States |
| Area served | Worldwide |
| Key people |
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| Products |
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| Services | Licensing |
| Parent | The Walt Disney Company(2009–2023) |
| Divisions |
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| Subsidiaries |
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| Website | marvel.com |
1933.
History[]
McGraw-Hill Building, Headquarters of Marvel Entertainment
Ronald Perelman's MacAndrews & Forbes Holdings group of companies bought the Marvel Entertainment Group, the parent company of Marvel Comics, from New World Entertainment for $82.5 million.
"It is a mini-Disney in terms of intellectual property," said Perelman. "Disney's got much more highly recognized characters and softer characters, whereas our characters are termed action heroes. But at Marvel we are now in the business of the creation and marketing of characters."
Boosted by a massive merchandising effort, an increase in Marvel comic prices, and an overall boom in the comic book industry, Marvel's profits spiked. Perelman later added the baseball card and basketball card companies Fleer Corporation and SkyBox International, Italian sticker manufacturer Panini Group, and comic book publishers Welsh Publishing and Malibu Comics to Marvel's holdings for a combined total of $700 million. Investors around the world recognized his efforts and generated $80 million for Perelman when he issued Marvel's initial public offering. He later added a significant stake in Toy Biz to Marvel's holdings. His luck was not to last. Marvel's attempt to distribute its products directly led to a decrease in sales and aggravated the losses which Marvel suffered when the comic book bubble popped, the 1994 Major League Baseball strike massacred the profits of the Fleer division, and Panini was hobbled by poor showings at the box office by Disney (Licensing Disney characters provided a major source of revenue for Panini, so when the movies performed poorly Panini performed poorly).
A major bondholder, Carl Icahn, fought to take control of the company from Perelman. Both men failed as Toy Biz owners Ike Perlmutter and Avi Arad snatched Marvel from Perelman and Icahn in order to protect their own financial interests. Estimates of his profit on the deal vary widely. Chuck Rozanski estimates that Perelman made $200-400 million off Marvel; Forbes thinks he made nothing; and the judge in the Marvel bankruptcy trial estimated he made $280 million plus various tax advantages. In December 2003, Marvel Entertainment acquired Cover Concepts from Hearst Communications, Inc.
On March 15, 2007, Stan Lee Media filed a lawsuit against Marvel Entertainment for $5 billion, claiming that the company is co-owner of the characters that Lee created for Marvel. Additionally, a lawsuit over the Ghost Rider character ownership was filed on March 30, 2007 by Gary Friedrich and Gary Friedrich Enterprises, Inc.
In December 2009, The Walt Disney Company acquired Marvel Entertainment.
Units[]
The company's operating units include:
- Marvel Characters, Inc.: intellectual property holding company;
- Marvel Custom Solutions
- Marvel Games
- Marvel Worldwide, Inc.: publisher of Marvel Comics;
- Marvel Comics
- Marvel Press
- Marvel Knights
- Icon Comics
- Infinite Comics
- Timely Comics
- MAX
- MVL Film Finance LLC: holder of Marvel's Movie debt and theatrical film rights to the ten characters as collateral.
- Marvel Characters B.V. (The Netherlands)
- MVL International C.V. (The Netherlands)
- Marvel International Character Holdings LLC (Delaware)
- Marvel Entertainment International Limited (United Kingdom)
- Marvel Property, Inc. (Delaware)
- Marvel Internet Productions LLC (Delaware)
- Marvel Toys Limited (Hong Kong)
- MRV, Inc. (Delaware)
- MVL Development LLC (Delaware)
- Marvel Film Productions LLC (Delaware)
- Film Slate Subsidiaries:
- MVL Rights, LLC: subsidiary holding movie rights of all Marvel Characters with some on contract with MVL Film Finance
- Iron Works Productions LLC: subsidiary holding debt to finance the Iron Man movie.
- MVL Productions LLC: an indirect wholly owned a film development subsidiary
- Incredible Productions LLC (Delaware): subsidiary holding debt to finance the Incredible Hulk film
- MVL Iron Works Productions Canada, Inc. (Province of Ontario)
- MVL Incredible Productions Canada, Inc. (Province of Ontario)
- Asgard Productions LLC (Delaware)
- Green Guy Toons LLC (Delaware)
- Squad Productions LLC (Delaware)
Former Units[]
- Fleer Corporation
- Malibu Comics
- Marvel Productions (1981 to 1997)
- Panini Group: Italian sticker manufacturer
- SkyBox International
- Welsh Publishing: comic book publishers
- Spider-Man Merchandising, L.P.: A joint venture of Marvel and Sony Pictures Consumer Products Inc. that owns the rights to Spider-Man movie related licensed products.
- Marvel Studios: a film and television production company;
- Marvel Television: a television production company responsible for live-action and animated (through Marvel Animation) television shows and direct-to-DVD series based on characters from Marvel Comics.
- Marvel Animation: Subsidiary charge with oversight of Marvel's Animation productions.
- MLG Productions 1, Inc. - MLG Productions 8, Inc. (2006–2011) Marvel Animated Features joint venture with Lionsgate
- SH Anime/DTV partnerships with Sony Pictures Entertainment Japan and Madhouse:
- Superhero Anime Partners (2010–2011): the Marvel Anime series[1]
- SH DTV Partners (2012–2013): Iron Man: Rise of Technovore[2]
- SH DTV AC BW&P Partners (2013–2014): Avengers Confidential: Black Widow & Punisher
- MVL Productions LLC: an indirect wholly owned a film development subsidiary.
- Marvel Toys (formerly Toy Biz): a toy company owned by Isaac Perlmutter since the 1990s.
Past names[]
- Marvel Enterprises, Inc.
- Toy Biz, Inc.
- Marvel Entertainment Group, Inc.