- —Captain America[src]
Cpt. Steven "Steve" Rogers a.k.a. Captain America,[2] the First Avenger,[31] was rejected by the U.S. Army during World War II due to numerous health problems. He ultimately volunteered for Project Rebirth where he received the Super-Soldier Serum developed by Dr. Abraham Erskine. The serum greatly enhanced his frail body to the peak of human physicality.[53] As the Sentinel of Liberty,[10] alongside his best friend Bucky Barnes[2] and the Invaders,[54] Rogers and others helped the Allies win the war, but not before he was lost at sea and frozen in ice in a form of suspended animation for decades. He was thawed out in the modern age to continue the battle alongside his new allies the Avengers.[55] Cap is loyal to no politician or government and instead upholds the "timeless principles of freedom, equality, and justice of the American Dream".[56]
History
Early Life[]
Steve Rogers was born September 28, 1922,[57] to poor Irish immigrant parents, Sarah and Joseph Rogers.[58] Rogers grew up a frail youth during the Great Depression in New York City, New York. Little else is known about Rogers' early life other than the fact that a strong sense of duty, honor, and humility was instilled in him; perhaps due to his Irish Christian upbringing. Rogers' father died when he was a child and his mother died from pneumonia later, when he was in his late teens.[59][60]
Steve used to go to a school in the Lower East Side neighborhood. Among the people responsible for instilling the patriotic values in him were his civics teacher Edna Crosley, who taught that as an American it was their responsibility to protect the United States which gave more rights than any other country in the world to its citizens.[56]
Becoming America's Super-Soldier[]
Horrified by newsreel footage of Nazis ransacking Europe and atrocities in Asia that the Empire of Japan committed in China and Korea, Rogers tried to enlist in the Army but was rejected as 4-F because of his frailty and sickness. Overhearing the boy's earnest plea to fight for his country, General Chester Phillips, of the US Army, offered Rogers the opportunity to take part in a top-secret performance-enhancing experiment called Operation Rebirth.[61]
Rogers agreed and was taken to a secret laboratory in Washington, D.C., where he was introduced to Doctor Abraham Erskine (code named Professor Joseph Reinstein), the creator of the Super-Soldier Serum.
After weeks of tests, Rogers was at last administered the Super-Soldier Serum. Given part of the compound intravenously and another part orally, Rogers was then bombarded by vita-rays, a special combination of exotic (in 1941) wavelengths of radiation designed to accelerate and stabilize the serum's effect on his body. Steve Rogers emerged from the vita-ray chamber with a perfect human body. A Nazi spy, who observed the experiment, murdered Dr. Erskine mere minutes after its conclusion. Dr. Erskine died without fully committing the Super-Soldier formula to paper, leaving Rogers the sole beneficiary of his genius.[53]
Rogers was then put through an intensive physical and tactical training program that taught him gymnastics, hand-to-hand combat from Colonel Rex Applegate and William Essart Fairbairn, and military strategy.[62] Three months later, he was given his first assignment: to stop the Nazi agent called the Red Skull. To help him become a symbolic counterpart to the Red Skull, Rogers was given the red, white, and blue costume of Captain America.[63] Rogers was also given the cover identity of a clumsy infantry private at Camp Lehigh.
After successfully becoming Captain America, Rogers was later submitted to an experimental mind-conditioning program that conditioned his mind to accept false information about Walter Rogers' family on the chance he was captured by the enemy and forced to reveal classified information. As part of the conditioning, Rogers believed his real name to be Grant Rogers, that he had a brother named Michael who had died at Pearl Harbor, and that due to his parents being diplomats, he had a casual upper-class appointment to the Army and Captain America position. It would not be until far later in life that Rogers would recall the conditioning and his true history.[34]
Rogers was originally issued a traditionally "kite" shaped shield made of mundane steel, as well as a sidearm. Cap's original helmet served as a mask and was separate from the rest of his costume. This proved a problem as in one early outing it was nearly knocked from his face via the hard wing emblems, almost revealing his identity to an attending newspaper reporter with a camera.[53] Adding a protective neck-plating hood to his costume, rather than his separate mask, solved this problem and afforded Rogers more protection. President F.D. Roosevelt later presented Rogers with his now-legendary disc-shaped shield. Discovering that its excellent aerodynamic properties made it an effective offensive weapon, Rogers abandoned his sidearm.
World War II Service[]
During the war, "Cap" served as both a symbol of freedom and America's most effective special operative. In addition to working with his young sidekick Bucky, Cap regularly fought alongside other Allied super-powered heroes such as Namor the Sub-Mariner and the android Human Torch, who were the recognized core of the World War II super-team known as the Invaders - a name suggested by English premier Winston Churchill.[64] Rogers sometimes came into contact with a Canadian paratrooper named James Howlett, the man who would come to be legendarily known as Wolverine.[65]
Rogers faced fascist Germans and imperialist Japanese. Among his foes and adventures were battles with George Maxon, who was an impostor Red Skull, the White Death, the Legion of Unholy Beggars, the Dragon of Death, the Reaper, the Black Toad, the Black Talon, Stryker, Doctor Crime, Mock Mikado, Master Man and the Super-Axis, Togaro, Prophet of Hate, Agent Axis, the Shark, the Hyena, N2 and Mister Sinister, Dr. Togu, Doctor Destiny, Snapper, Jack the Ripper and Terdu, Dormammu, HYDRA, the Hand, the Grandmaster, the Ringmaster, Baron Zemo, Colonel Von Wagner, Fang (who later died in Hiroshima and thus became one with the Everwraith, and the Butterfly. He also prevented the murder of President F.D. Roosevelt by a group called the Defenders, the Battle of the Bulge, D-Day, stopping saboteurs (early March 1941), meeting Wakandans, saving President Roosevelt from a deranged Namor, meeting Nikola Tesla, saving a Manhattan Project scientist from Red Skull with the help of the Howling Commandos, stopping (with Howling Commando support) the Red Skull's plot to deploy a centuries-old automaton designed by a time-traveling Doctor Doom, facing the Red Skull in a hover device, scuffling with fellow Allies the Crusaders, fighting alongside the French Resistance and Peggy Carter (an American who had fallen in love with Captain America), almost accidentally slaying a war orphan, saving Michael Kramer from the Red Skull. In April 1945, Rogers stormed the Red Skull's bunker, with Red Guardian, Patriot, and Spirit of '76, in his last WWII battle with Red Skull.
For a time, World War II Bucky fought alongside a time-displaced modern-era Captain America until the Avengers recovered their colleague to the present day.
Suspended Animation[]
During the final days of the war, presumably on or before April 18, 1945,[66] Captain America and Bucky were trying to stop a bomb-loaded drone-plane, launched by Baron Zemo, when the plane exploded, apparently killing his partner Bucky and throwing Rogers into icy Arctic waters of the English Channel. The Super-Soldier Formula prevented crystallization of Rogers' bodily fluid, allowing him to enter a state of suspended animation. Although Rogers and Bucky had seemingly perished, the war still raged on and U.S. presidents and the government picked different volunteers, such as William Naslund, Jeffrey Mace, and another Steve Rogers, over the years, to keep the morale alive, and even after World War II ended.
Avengers[]
Decades later, Rogers' wartime comrade, the Sub-Mariner, stumbled across his still-frozen form, which was being worshiped by a far-flung Inuit tribe. Enraged, the Sub-Mariner threw the ice block into the ocean. While opposing Namor, the newly formed Avengers happened upon Rogers' thawing body and soon revived the legendary hero.[55]
Rogers joined their ranks as the first recruit, since their formation, and was given retroactive "founding member" status in place of Hulk. With his superhuman abilities, extensive training, combat experience, combined with his impressive physique, confidence, and will, Rogers was an excellent addition to the team. As a born leader, Rogers would come to be seen as the heart and soul of the team and his commands, while in the field, were often followed regardless of who might have been team leader at the time. Rogers would teach teamwork, tactics, and hand-to-hand combat to many Avengers over the coming years.
Seeing that Avengers associate Rick Jones bore a resemblance to Bucky,[55] Cap took him into tutelage,[67] trying to recover from the great trauma of losing his wartime partner. After a time, Jones even convinced Rogers to let him wear Bucky's old costume and initiate a partnership, although Cap strongly opposed Rick joining the Avengers as a full member.[68] The early adventures Cap had with Earth's Mightiest Heroes included a run-in with his wartime foe Baron Heinrich Zemo. Zemo organized the first incarnation of the Masters of Evil, a group of super-villains who each bore a grudge against a particular Avenger.[69] After several skirmishes between the two groups,[70][71] Zemo kidnapped Rick and Zemo was accidentally killed in a rock slide, caused by his own weaponry as he battled Cap.[72]
At this point, the remaining founding Avengers (Iron Man, Thor, Giant-Man and the Wasp) decided to take a leave of absence from the stress of super-crime-fighting. Captain America was thus left to lead a new team comprised of Hawkeye, the Scarlet Witch and Quicksilver.[73] "Cap's Kooky Quartet" were at first regarded as less able than the previous lineup, but soon proved their worth by overcoming several threats including a resurgent Kang[22] as well as Doctor Doom.[74] While the hotheaded Quicksilver and Hawkeye were at first headstrong loose cannons, Rogers' leadership was able to mold them into valuable team members.
When Cap took his first leave of absence from the team,[75] it was the Black Panther who stepped in to take his place on the roster.[76] Though when Cap discovered that one of T'Challa's motives was to "spy" on the Avengers (as part of his duties as King of Wakanda was to observe foreigners), relations between the two became strained and stayed that way for some time. Eventually, they restored the bonds of alliance and friendship, symbolized by Rogers giving T'Challa the enhanced copy of his World War II triangular shield he had used while his round one was broken.[77]
Meanwhile, Cap's old nemesis, the Red Skull, was brought out of suspended animation by the subversive organization THEM. The Skull feigned cooperation with THEM (actually the ruling council of HYDRA led by Baron Wolfgang von Strucker) long enough to steal the Cosmic Cube from subsidiary organization AIM. This led to the first postwar clash between the two great symbols of World War II. The Skull later impersonated Rogers and drove Rick away, while wielding the Cosmic Cube.
Rogers often crossed paths with another World War II veteran as well, this one an ally: Sergeant Nick Fury, of the Howling Commandos, whom he had met during the war,[78] was now Colonel Nick Fury, Director of S.H.I.E.L.D.. Captain America teamed with Fury many times after emerging from suspended animation and their relationship warmed and cooled over the years, depending on various circumstances. They often worked together towards the same goal(s) and the Avengers and S.H.I.E.L.D. maintained a close working relationship, even sometimes sharing a common computer database. Rogers worked with S.H.I.E.L.D.'s Agent 13, niece to Peggy. Rogers would come to share a deep romantic relationship with Sharon, eventually admitting his love for her.[79]
In another plot by the Skull, a Cosmic Cube-empowered man named Sam Wilson attacked Rogers. Steve was able to break Wilson of the Skull's control and the two teamed together to defeat Cap's archenemy. Wilson became The Falcon and Steve's most reliable best friend. Cap and the Falcon would share an active partnership for a long time.[80] Wilson actively succeeded Rogers as Captain America, when Rogers was badly injured and was encouraged to continue on in the role by Rogers himself. Despite the encouragement, Wilson returned the role upon Rogers' recovery.
One of Rogers' and Wilson's most noted battles was against one of Rogers' earlier successors, Steve Rogers and Jack Monroe, calling himself Bucky. Rogers was shaken at the fact that he could have shared his excessively conservative successor's fate, if not for the technical dedication of Dr. Erskine and his Vita Ray process.[81]
Following a battle with Viper, Rogers' Super-Soldier Serum reacted with the venom in his darts, temporarily granting him superhuman strength.[82]
Nomad[]
While investigating the subversive organization known as the Secret Empire, Rogers discovered that its leader was a high-ranking government official. While this traitor committed suicide after being discovered, the government covered up the whole affair by using a double. Disillusioned, Rogers abandoned his Captain America identity and took up the alias "Nomad."[83] Two men tried in vain to assume the Captain America title; Bob Russo and "Scar" Turpin, while in the meantime the young idealistic Cap fan, Roscoe Simons, actually succeeded Rogers and Rogers himself awarded Simons his indestructible shield. It was Roscoe's death, at the hands of the Red Skull, that would inspire Rogers to become the "Sentinel of Liberty," a symbol of American inspired ideals rather than the U.S. Government Super Soldier he once was.
In a graphic bit of scenery, Roscoe was crucified and tortured by the Red Skull, as a message to Rogers that any other person in the costume would also suffer the same fate, if the Red Skull encountered any of the "fake" Captain Americas. Rogers re-assumed his classic costumed identity and shield[84] and a rehabilitated Monroe joined Cap in a partnership, himself assuming the Nomad identity in a modified costume.[85]
Masters of Evil IV[]
When Avengers Mansion was attacked and conquered by the Masters of Evil, under the leadership of Baron Helmut Zemo, Captain America was specifically targeted by Zemo, to avenge his father's death. Rogers was captured, during an attempt to retake the mansion and was forced to watch as Mister Hyde tortured helpless butler Edwin Jarvis. The Masters proceeded to destroy a treasure trove of Rogers' memorabilia, including a picture with Bucky taken just before he was killed, Rogers' only picture of his mother, a baseball signed by Babe Ruth and Lou Gehrig, and Cap's original triangular shield. In the final battle, Cap defeated The Wrecker, with the aid of the Wasp, and defeated Baron Zemo in a rooftop duel. As Zemo fell, Cap tried to grab his hand and, though he was later revealed to have survived the fall, Zemo refused such charity.[86]
The Captain[]
Captain America continued to come into conflict with many foes, including the extreme anti-nationalist Flag-Smasher and the vigilante called the Scourge of the Underworld. Rogers was informed by the Commission on Superhuman Activities that he had never been officially discharged from the U.S. Army, and for this, he received a large back-pay, dating to the end of World War II, which he used to establish a nation-wide hot-line service to help him keep abreast of criminal activities. However, the Commission demanded that Rogers, as an "active" member of the armed forces, resume service as a government-directed operative. Finding himself unable to merely follow orders as a simple soldier any longer, especially after the events of the government that led to him becoming Nomad, Rogers again resigned the Captain America identity, even surrendering his legendary shield to the new Captain America, John Walker, who had previously clashed with Rogers as the "Super-Patriot."[87] During this time, Rogers used an Adamantium shield and, adopting a new costume, continued adventuring as "The Captain."[88]
Not long afterward, the Avengers were temporarily disbanded, due to a lack of active members. As the Captain, Rogers led a new lineup of the Avengers consisting of Thor, Gilgamesh, and temporary recruits Reed (Mr. Fantastic) and Sue Richards (Invisible Woman) of the Fantastic Four. Reed himself was accustomed to leading, however, and there were some conflicts of leadership between the two.[citation needed]
The Captain also led an unnamed, unofficial team during the same period that accompanied him on several missions. Along with The Falcon and Nomad, the group at times included Demolition-Man, who had assisted Rogers against Power Broker, Inc., and Vagabond, a tag-along of Nomad's.[citation needed]
It would later be discovered that the Red Skull was manipulating the Commission. The Captain and Nomad clashed with Walker and his Bucky. Resolving their differences, Rogers and Walker confronted the Skull.[89] Following the events and deeds that Walker had done while Captain America, Walker resigned from being Captain America and the Commission asked Rogers to take-up the mantle again. Rogers initially refused, but after Walker begged him, accepted. Later, Walker was apparently killed, but later reappeared in a new identity, after plastic surgery in the new name of "Jack Daniels" wearing Rogers' "The Captain" uniform and shield as the rechristened "U.S.Agent".[90]
Continued Career[]
At one point, Cap avoided the explosion of a meth lab only to have the chemical effects of the blast react dangerously with his Super-Soldier Serum.[91] To remove the problem, Rogers removed the serum and trained constantly to keep in peak condition.[92] Cap discovered that the serum was not a drug per say, which would have metabolized out of his system, but in fact a virus that affected a biochemical and genetic change.[93] This additionally explained how arch-nemesis, Red Skull, who at the time inhabited a body cloned from Rogers' cells, also had the formula in his body. Because of his altered biochemistry, Rogers' body began to deteriorate and,[94] for a time he, wore a powered exoskeleton designed by Iron Man and Dr. Hank Pym,[95] but was eventually placed again in suspended animation.[96] During this time, Rogers was given a blood transfusion from the Red Skull, which cured his condition and stabilized the Super-Soldier virus in his system.[97] Captain America returned both to crime-fighting and the Avengers.[98]
Captain America was reunited with his WWII-era flame and former love interest, the now-aged American Maquis fighter Peggy Carter. Freeing her and others from the grip of the criminal Doctor Faustus, Rogers had her hired on as communications expert at Avengers Mansion as part of the expanded domestic staff called the Avengers Support Crew. Their romantic feelings diminished, but the two remained good friends. Another person taken on by Steve during this time was John Jameson, who acted as his pilot.
When the Avengers learned of the Kree-Shi'ar War and the danger the war efforts posed to Earth's sun, Rogers proposed to send diplomatic envoys to each superpower in an attempt to avert catastrophe known as Operation Galactic Storm. Captain America led the team bound for the Kree Empire. He had several conflicts of leadership with Iron Man, which culminated when the latter, against orders, led a team of Avengers to execute the Kree Supreme Intelligence for war crimes. His confidence in his leadership shaken, Cap offered to resign as chief executive and commanding officer of the two Avengers branches, but this was not the route the other Avengers wanted to take. Cap's old friend Hawkeye helped reinforce Cap's leadership confidence, as did the rescue by U.S.Agent (John Walker and the Falcon of Demolition-Man from ULTIMATUM, Flag-Smasher's terrorist organization.
After returning to Earth, Cap rescued Diamondback (Rachel Leighton) from Red Skull's henchman Crossbones. Diamondback had previously, as a member of the Serpent Society, had a chance to kill Rogers in battle that she did not take. This was because she was smitten with him; the two began an on-and-off semi-romantic partnership afterwards.
Cap was part of the force raised to battle the psychic entity called Onslaught and was one of the Avengers who seemingly gave their lives to absorb Onslaught's energy. In reality, they (the senior Avengers and the Fantastic Four) had been shunted to an alternate dimension created by Franklin Richards. After several months in this world, the heroes realized it was a construct and escaped.
During a rebuilding period with the Avengers, Captain America and the rest of the team (past and present) were duped by Morgan Le Fay into acting as her elite guard, the Queen's Vengeance. Rogers' alias in this alter-ego was "Yeoman America." He was the first Avenger to break out of Morgan's trance and formed a resistance group that foiled the ancient sorceress' plans.
Secret War[]
At some point after this, Nick Fury asked Captain America for a favor. He and a number of other superheroes including: Spider-Man, Daredevil, Wolverine, Luke Cage, and the Black Widow were asked to travel to Latveria to help Fury overthrow the government of Lucia von Bardas whom be discovered to be financing a number of technologically-based super-criminals in the United States.[99] Recognizing the potential terrorist ramifications of such an act, Fury decided to eliminate the threat despite being told to leave it alone by the American President.[100] Unbeknownst to the assembled heroes, Fury planned to make an example of von Bardas and brought down Castle Doom onto the city below, killing an untold number of people. Knowing that the superheroes could never condone such an action, he had the previous two days activities erased from their minds. Months later, while undergoing some tests for S.H.I.E.L.D., this block in the Captain's memory was discovered and removed, prompting Captain America to have words with Fury. On the year anniversary of their attack on Latveria, the heroes are all attacked by an army of technology-wielding super-criminals, led by von Bardas who survived their attack, although not without becoming horribly disfigured in the process. She synced up all of the criminals' armors, creating a chain reaction which acted like a giant bomb in an attempt to get back at Fury and the heroes and destroy New York City in the process. She nearly succeeded except for the last-second interference of Daisy Johnson, a super-powered S.H.I.E.L.D. agent loyal to Nick Fury, who managed to defeat von Bardas before she could detonate her bomb.[101]
Avengers Disassembled[]
On a day that would become the darkest in Avengers history, the Scarlet Witch suffered a breakdown that, combined with her powers, had catastrophic consequences. Cap had recently had a strange encounter with Wanda, as well as the beginnings of romance, and was struck hard by the devastation of the team, which disbanded shortly thereafter.[102]
In future events, Rogers moved into the Red Hook neighborhood of Brooklyn, revealed his identity to the world (although he lived in a S.H.I.E.L.D. safe house), and resumed his off-and-on relationship with Sharon Carter.
New Avengers[]
Cap was among those heroes present at the Raft when Electro instigated a jailbreak. The next day, he spoke with Tony Stark, and convinced him to help form the New Avengers. Most of those present during the jailbreak were founding members of the team. The new S.H.I.E.L.D. Director, Maria Hill, was opposed to their incorporation, but Rogers reminded her that he had Full Champion License, that is, he was authorized by S.H.I.E.L.D. to assemble any team he deemed necessary for any mission he deemed necessary, and therefore did not need her permission. The New Avengers embarked on several missions under his leadership.[103]
Winter Soldier and Civil War[]
Meanwhile, Cap had also been dealing with more personal matters. Having been made a special S.H.I.E.L.D. operative, Rogers, Sharon Carter, and Nick Fury began an investigation into Aleksander Lukin and his powerful Kronas Corporation. After the apparent assassination of the Red Skull, Lukin was in possession of the Cosmic Cube, but he also had a more personal weapon: the Winter Soldier (a revived Bucky Barnes).[104] A KGB assassin who had been occasionally let out of suspended animation to perform only the most difficult missions, the Winter Soldier encountered Sharon Carter, who believed that he was the real Bucky.[105] Cap at first refused to believe it until Fury presented him with solid evidence.[106]
Winter Soldier killed Jack Monroe and caused major devastation in Philadelphia before Cap, the Falcon and Agent Carter stormed a hidden underground base operated by Lukin.[107] Cap and Winter Soldier dueled, and the latter showed no sign of memory.[108] Cap used the Cosmic Cube to restore his memory; Bucky then destroyed the cube and it teleport him to Camp Lehigh, where he began to cope with his past.[108]
Months later, Cap and Sharon tracked Bucky to a small Midwestern town that was actually controlled by A.I.M.[109] Distracted by storming the A.I.M. compound and battling Crossbones and Sin (Synthia Schmidt), they were unable to catch up with him.[110]
When S.H.I.E.L.D. suggested the Superhuman Registration Act, Commander Hill ordered Rogers and the Avengers to help enforce it.[111] When he refused, Hill had her trained Superhuman Restraint Unit to attack him.[111] During the scuffle, Rogers avoided being tranquilized and managed to escape by lodging his shield in an aircraft and forcing the pilot to fly him to safety.[111] Soon after, at the Baxter Building, the Watcher told the heroes who had gathered there about Cap's escape.[111] He became the leader of the resistance to the Registration Act, fearing that the freedom of America's heroes and the safety of their families were in danger.[111]
Adopting the alias "Brett Hendrick", a mall security guard to avoid government detection, Rogers became more and more extreme in his desire to win the Civil War.[24] He allowed the Punisher to join his "Secret Avengers," and worked (albeit reluctantly) with the Kingpin.[24] Since his old friend Iron Man was leading the Pro-Registration Superhero Unit, their rivalry was especially bitter.[112] The two attempted to meet twice during the conflict,[112] but each time it devolved into combat. They even refused to attend the wedding of Black Panther and Storm together.[113] Cap was nearly captured by Paladin, but escaped with the aid of Shang-Chi and the Heroes for Hire.[114] In the final battle against the pro-registration forces, Rogers' teammate the Vision disabled Iron Man's armor, evening the odds for Cap and allowing him to ultimately defeat Stark in Times Square.[115] However, a crowd of civilians approached in support of Stark.[115] Realizing that his fight against the Registration Act was endangering the people that he was trying to protect, he surrendered to Iron Man.[115] He then gave his followers the order to stand down.[115]
Death of the Dream and the Legend[]
Following his surrender, Steve Rogers was indicted on several criminal charges. It was noted S.H.I.E.L.D. had restrained Steve with strength dampeners, while he was in custody. A successful assassination was orchestrated by the resurgent Red Skull which involved Crossbones deployed as a sniper. He fired the first shot, hitting Captain America in the back as he entered a federal courthouse to stand trial for his criminal charges. In addition, Doctor Faustus, posing as a S.H.I.E.L.D. psychiatrist, had manipulated Sharon Carter and implanted in her mind a hypnotic suggestion that caused her to shoot Rogers, three times in the stomach and chest in the chaos that ensued. Rogers was taken to a hospital, where he succumbed to his wounds.[48]
Captain America was given a state funeral, but the body in his memorial at Arlington was a fake. Immediately after his death, Rogers' body was taken to S.H.I.E.L.D. Headquarters as the only perfect super-soldier specimen in the world. Inexplicably, his body was discovered to have withered back to its original frail state. Tony Stark, accompanied by Hank Pym, and Janet Van Dyne, returned Steve Rogers' body to the Arctic where they had found him frozen in ice. Namor also attended the small private ceremony swearing that as long as he ruled the seas, no one would disturb Captain America's rest.[116]
Many people mourned him including various heroes that knew him. Others such as reformed Winter Soldier James Buchanan Barnes and Wolverine swore to avenge his death. Before the day of his assassination, Rogers prepared a package to be delivered to Stark in the event that he would not survive. It contained a photo of himself as Captain America and Bucky in World War II, and his final requests: that Stark "save" Bucky, and that the mantle of Captain America should continue. A S.H.I.E.L.D. agent presented it to Stark confirming that it was delivered by an unknown attorney.[117]
Thor communicated with Steve Rogers' spirit on the first anniversary of his death. Though Thor vowed to avenge him in full, Rogers declined, saying that their world was already too stained with the taint of death and violence. Thor granted Steve a minute of silence, by using his powers to cut off all the electronic media in America for exactly sixty seconds.[118]
Rebirth[]
It was later discovered that, while his body was killed, Rogers' essence was "locked into a fixed point in space and time". Rogers' mind was being transported through time, forcing him to relive certain segments of his life such as World War II and becoming Captain America as well in various other scenes. Some changes were revealed to what was previously known (See notes below). While reliving the Kree-Skrull War, he was able to ask the Vision to record a message about his time travel condition to Mister Fantastic and Wasp (Henry Pym) in the future, which was duly relayed by the current Vision (Jonas).[119] With this data, Richards concluded that Sharon was the key to bringing Steve out of time, although they were too late to stop Doctor Doom and Arnim Zola from doing just that, however the Red Skull was now in control of Steve's body.[120]
Barnes and Rogers fought to drive the Red Skull from his body and succeeded in doing so. Rogers considered retirement from the role and allowed Barnes to continue operating as Captain America, thinking that there should not be two formal active Captain Americas. Rogers visited the current U.S. President who gave "Captain America," not Steve Rogers specifically, a full pardon for his actions during the Civil War. Rogers explained that he didn't intend to resume wielding the shield but would if asked. The President mentioned that this was fine, as he had another idea for Steve's services in the future.
Siege[]
With his own house in order, Rogers set about the next great task: removing Norman Osborn, current head of American national security agency H.A.M.M.E.R., from power. Rogers soon came to assist in bringing back Tony Stark, who was in a vegetative state, having diminished his intelligence to erase the Superhuman Registration database to keep Osborn from abusing it. To do so, Rogers and his associates resorted to a quite radical step in rebooting Stark's brain: channeling Thor's thunder through Rogers' shield connected to the implant on Stark's chest, a move which could very well have killed him. The process restarted Tony's heart, but for some reason his mind didn't reboot. Steve left to get Doctor Strange's help in going inside Tony's mind.
Following this, Steve was in the New Avengers hideout in New York when he learned that Osborn was laying siege to Asgard.[121] Enraged, Steve assembled the New Avengers, the Young Avengers, and Nick Fury's Secret Warriors to provide support for the Asgardians and finally bring down Osborn. Bucky gave Steve the shield, saying that they needed him leading the counterattack. Bucky told Steve that he needed the shield in the fight against the Dark Avengers. Steve took the shield but asked Bucky what he would do, to which Bucky replied, "I will do what I do," holding a large gun in his hands. Before they left, Edwin Jarvis gave Steve a briefcase for Tony Stark.[122]
After the defeat of Osborn and his followers Steve Rogers was called to the White House, where the President offered to make him the new head of security of the United States. Steve agreed on the condition that he would get to do the job his way. The Super-Human Registration Act was repealed and, during a gathering at Avenger Tower, Steve appeared and told them it was the start of a new day for all of them and he needed their help.[123] Steve oversaw the incarceration of Norman Osborn at the Raft penitentiary, under his new role as Captain Steve Rogers.[124]
The Erskine Legacy[]
As the head of Nextin Pharmaceuticals and grandson of Abraham Erskine, Jacob Erskine set out to cure cancer using the Super Soldier Serum, but was killed before he could finish.[125] When Steve attempted to find who killed Erskine, he was caught in a trap by Machinesmith and his serum was deactivated.[126] Through the help of one of Machinesmith's robots who Steve previously believed to be a woman imbued with the serum, he was able to have his serum activated once again, and together they pursued Machinesmith.[127] They eventually seemingly killed Machinesmith and recovered the serum he was attempting to auction, at the cost of the robot's life. Upon further investigation, the serum Steve recovered turns out to be completely useless, and unbeknownst to him, the entire exploit was set up by Aloysius Thorndrake of the Shadow Council, who sought Rogers' blood in order to create an army of super-soldiers.[128]
Fear Itself[]
When Skadi possessed Sinthea Shmidt and freed the Serpent, he caused seven hammers to fall to Earth so that Midgard could fear him and his legions. Steve Rogers observed the fall of the hammers and gave the order to send the Avengers to each of the crash sights.[129] When Bucky was killed by Skadi at Washington, D.C. during a blitzkrieg, Steve decided to avenge Bucky and resume the title of Captain America once more.[130] And while Cap, Iron Man, and Thor were sent to different locations, Cap joined the Avengers in New York to stop Skadi.[131] After the Serpent broke his shield during the fight in New York and left, he moved the fight to Oklahoma, where he used Mjolnir to defeat Skadi.[132]
Spider-Island[]
Captain America was captured by the Jackal and forcibly mutated into a giant spider mutant, whom the Jackal calls "Spider-King."[7] As Spider-King, Steve Rogers was impregnated with thousands of spider eggs in order to spread the virus that gave people spider-powers.[133] He was stopped and captured by the new heroic version of Venom, but he escaped captivity by vomiting out the now-hatched mutant spiders. Ultimately, he was recaptured and put into suspended animation, while Venom disguised himself as Spider-King to infiltrate the Jackal's organization.[134]
When the cure for the Spider-Island virus was discovered, he was returned to normal and later joined Venom in his fight against the Spider-Queen, the true mastermind behind the virus. Venom stabbed her with Captain America's shield, an attack that should have killed her. Instead, she mutated into a 28-story spider monster.[135]
The two led her to Union Square, where they were joined by other heroes while Spider-Man distributed the cure to the infected New Yorkers. This weakened her enough for Kaine, Spider-Man's clone, to kill her.[136]
The Vengeance of Codename: Bravo[]
During the funeral of Peggy Carter, Steve was attacked by an old ally he had not seen since WWII, a man called Bravo. Cap realized this meant that Jimmy Jankovicz must have woken up from his coma. Back in 1944, Jimmy helped the allies find enemy headquarters by entering a different dimension which he called Land of Nowhere until a Hydra spy put him in comatose state, leaving Bravo and Hydra soldiers trapped there. Steve, Nick Fury, and Sharon Carter visited Jimmy in a secret sanatorium in Virginia where they discovered that he was catatonic. Hydra agents later kidnapped Jimmy and it was revealed that, not only was Codename: Bravo behind the attack, but he had also allied himself with Baron Helmut Zemo in an effort to kill Captain America.
Bravo managed to use Jimmy in a machine to open a portal to the Land of Nowhere where he trapped Captain America. Sharon Carter, with the help of Fury and Falcon tracked down Jimmy, who, with his last act of will, managed to get Bravo and Steve out of Nowhere. Bravo is incarcerated but he and the Hydra Queen, who helped him, escaped to build a new Hydra along Baron Zemo.
Later, Cap and his allies caught word that HYDRA had been smuggling Madbombs across the city. Unfortunately, Cap was in no position to help, as he was suffering from a power decrease that returned him to his frail, pre-super soldier self. Fortunately, Iron Man eventually developed a cure to Steve's condition and constructed a device that dispelled the Madbombs' effects.
Afterwards, a new Scourge had been attacking former villains who had entered the Witness Protection program. Cap fought the Scourge, discovering that he was in fact Dennis Dunphy, formerly known as the hero Demolition Man. HYDRA, had brainwashed Dunphy into attacking former villains and leaking Witness Protection information into the public. Cap tried to reason with Dunphy, but Dunphy was too unstable, and Sharon was ultimately forced to kill him.[137]
Eventually, Hydra initiated its endgame by brainwashing entire American populations through news broadcasts, causing civilians to rise up against the government. Cap directed an assault on Hydra's flying island, where he finally went against Bravo and Hydra Queen. Hydra's plot is foiled while Bravo is killed, and the Queen is left catatonic.
Avengers: X-Sanction[]
Rogers, along with the rest of the Avengers were tracking down and fighting the Lethal Legion after they escaped from prison. Unnoticed by the others, Falcon was shot down by Cable. However, Steve soon noticed that Redwing was flying alone and followed the bird to where Falcon was; in a ship container inside a Weapon X Tube. Immediately Cable fought with him, and at first, Rogers had the upper hand.[138]
Eventually Cable defeated him and strapped him to an inhibitor chair, invented by Magneto, and shot Rogers with an EMP gun, knocking him unconscious, but not before revealing his desire that the Avengers not kill Hope.[138]
Eventually, Cable was brought down, and Captain America was freed. As Cable was consumed by the Techno-Organic Virus, Cyclops asked Captain America for permission to take Cable back to Utopia, which Captain America agreed to in exchange for the Avengers keeping all the weapons used against them.[139]
Avengers vs. X-Men[]
Sometime after the event with Cable, a Nova Corps member crashed on Earth and managed to stutter that "it" was coming before falling into a coma. Rogers and Iron Man later found out that the "it" was the Phoenix Force, and that it was coming to Earth. The heroes went to the White House to brief the President about this threat, but not before sending a team of Avengers to try and stall/stop the Phoenix Force. During the briefing at the White House, Iron Man suddenly picked up a mysterious new source of the Phoenix Force on Earth. Knowing what had previously happened, Captain America and Iron Man stopped by the Jean Grey School for Higher Learning to consult with Wolverine, who replied that the X-Men believed its new host was Hope Summers. With this knowledge, Captain America went to Utopia in order to negotiate with Cyclops. He asked that Hope be turned over to him and Avengers for protective custody.[citation needed]
Cyclops refused to hand over Hope since he and the other mutants believe she was their messiah, and that the Phoenix Force would allow Hope to fully restore the mutant race. Cyclops then blasted Steve with an optic blast, causing Steve to give the order for the Avengers to invade Utopia.[140]
The Avengers seemingly defeated the mutants of Utopia although Hope manages to flee. The surrender however turned out to be a ruse and Cyclops teleported away from Utopia with several powerful mutants.[141]
The Avengers started searching for Hope (as well as the X-Men), after Wolverine helped Hope with her journey he betrayed her and told Steve and the Avengers where she was. The Avengers arrived on the moon to confront her and take her into custody but are greeted by the X-Men who have also arrived to claim Hope. Before a fight can start a wounded Thor fell from the sky, closely followed by the Phoenix.[142] When Iron Man used a disruptor in his Phoenix-Killer armor on it, the cosmic entity wasn't killed but divided into five parts which possessed each one of the X-Men present at the scene.[143] The Phoenix-possessed X-Men started changing the world into a better place for living, but knowing that Phoenix's ultimately destructive nature would bring chaos, Steve and the Avengers tried to get Hope from Utopia in order to use her knowledge about the Phoenix against it. After the Scarlet Witch helped them against the X-Men (previously having visions of the Phoenix destroying Earth), Cyclops decided to hunt down every Avenger.[144]
The Thunderer offered the Avengers to hide in K'un-Lun, as well as to train Hope to face the Phoenix, because of his past experience with the Phoenix Host and Iron Fist Fongji, and the prophecy of the Phoenix bringing chaos to Earth. Before the entire Avengers could teleport to K'un-Lun, Namor attacked where they were hiding, Wakanda, along with a full army of Atlanteans. After defeating Namor with the price of the partial destruction of Wakanda, the Avengers teleported to K'un-Lun, in order to help Hope to train to face the Phoenix.[145]
The Avengers were attacked by Cyclops who now possessed half of the Phoenix. He made quick work of anyone that opposed him but was defeated by Hope who in an act of desperation combined the powers of the Iron Fist, Scarlet Witch's chaos magic and Shou-Lao's flames to teleport Cyclops to the Moon. The Avengers then teamed up with several X-Men who had realized that Cyclops and Emma had completely lost control. Together they attacked Cyclops and Emma and gained the upper hand until Cyclops was forced to take the final piece of the Phoenix from Emma, making him the sole host. The complete Phoenix proved too much and finally turned him into Dark Phoenix.[146]
The Avengers fought Summers around the world with the help of the X-Men and Nova, as well as trying to contain the chaos the gigantic force produced around Earth, but who finally managed to defeat him were Scarlet Witch and Hope. The Phoenix left Scott and possessed Hope, but she managed to control it, repairing all the damage Scott caused on the planet, and finally, using the powers of the Scarlet Witch to manipulate reality, she destroyed the Phoenix Force with a final blast of energy which caused millions of people around Earth to manifest mutant powers.[147]
Uncanny Avengers[]
Cyclops was finally incarcerated, and Steve accepted the Avengers should have done more to help mutants, and not allowed the world to hate them. As a result, he started planning a new sub-team of Avengers in hopes of unifying mutant and humankind. He chose Havok to lead his team and become the new face to represent mutants as Professor X and Cyclops once were.[148]
Their first threat was the return of Red Skull, who usurped Professor X's brain to provide himself telepathic powers, which he would use to provoke citizens of New York into a mass assault against mutants, or anyone who could be one, and force Scarlet Witch and Rogue to allow themselves to be attacked. With the help of the S-Man Honest John, he managed to even manipulate Thor.[149]
However, Red Skull's skills where still erratic, and couldn't completely control Captain America, an attack against him was enough of a distraction to lose control of Rogue and Scarlet Witch. After being overpowered by the rest of Uncanny Avengers, Red Skull decided to escape, but promised a return. In the aftermath, both Rogue and Scarlet Witch joined the team.[150]
Dimension Z[]
After dismantling the operations of the ecoterrorist Green Skull, Captain America was abducted in a subway station by Arnim Zola, being welcomed to the mysterious realm of Dimension Z. The villain experimented on Rogers, wishing to reverse-engineer the Super-Soldier Serum to weaponize his creations. Captain America stood up and broke free, rescuing a baby in the process, unaware he was Zola's prime experiment and son.[151] For one year, the lost and trapped Rogers struggled to survive in the inhospitable place as he took care of the kid, who he had baptized Ian.[152] They eventually met and joined forces with the Phrox, who resisted Zola's rule. However, Rogers had become a host of Zola's consciousness.[153] During the following decade, Rogers stayed away from Zola's forces, training Ian in combat and raising him as his son while protecting the Phrox. However, the infection allowed Zola to manifest himself in Rogers' body and reveal to Ian his true origins.[154]
In possession of a map of Zolandia to escape Dimension Z, Rogers was ambushed in the Phrox's hideout by Zola's forces, including the cloned and mutated Captains of Zolandia and his other child Jet Black. After a fight that terminated the Phrox, Ian was held captive. Although defeated, Rogers managed to remove Zola's implants from his body and purge the infection.[155] In retaliation, Captain America raided Zola's stronghold, killing all mutate opposition he found on his way. After reaching the tunnel that was the way out of Dimension Z, he considered returning to Earth and getting help from the Avengers, but could not leave Ian to his fate. Instead, he infiltrated Zola's fortress.[156] In Jet Black, Captain America found an unexpectedly inspired ally. Tragically, however, Ian had been brainwashed by Zola and shot Rogers in the back. Debilitated, Captain America witnessed Zola prepare his forces to invade Earth.[157]
Although Ian overcame the brainwashing after injuring Captain America, Sharon Carter ended the fight by shooting the kid through the neck for she had believed he was to slay Rogers. The slain Ian fell into an abyssal tank below.[158] Carter informed that no time had passed on Earth during the decades Rogers was lost and that she had rigged Zola's empire to detonate to prevent his invasion. Captain America then joined Jet Black's fight against Zola, as she freed the Phrox. Zola was ultimately savaged by Captain America on the verge of destruction and complete shutdown of his world.[159] The villain was able to restore himself, which prompted Sharon Carter to sacrifice herself to destroy Zola's fortress and guarantee that Captain America and Jet Black could reach Earth. Back home, Steve Rogers cried over the loss of his loved ones.[160]
All-New Captain America[]
During his recovery, Captain America reunited with his partner, the Falcon.[161] He returned to action when the mentally unstable killer Nuke ravaged the Eastern European city of Nrosvekistan in the name of the United States of America.[162] Captain America and the Falcon put an end in Nuke's massacre, but the Falcon allowed the situation leak to the media, which sparked an international reaction.[163] Captain America and S.H.I.E.L.D. discovered Nuke's attack was actually orchestrated by a villanous mastermind calling himself the Iron Nail as part of his quest to end S.H.I.E.L.D.'s absolute control over the world.[164]
Using Nuke as a human bomb to destroy a S.H.I.E.L.D. facility, the Iron Nail broke his ally Doctor Mindbubble free to advance his plan.[164] After saving the Falcon from the detonation site,[165] Captain America teamed up with him to track Doctor Mindbubble to the Sahara Desert, where he had been able to mind control a huge number of S.H.I.E.L.D. agents.[166] Iron Nail took the opportunity to manipulate several S.H.I.E.L.D. units into destroying each other by seizing control over the ship Gungnir. Captain America was able to reach Gungnir,[167] where he momentarily succumbed to Doctor Mindbubble's control. During the battle, Doctor Mindbubble committed suicide due to his powers backfiring. Iron Nail then weaponized Gungnir to completely undermine S.H.I.E.L.D.'s reputation. Captain America was able to destroy Gungnir, which was followed by a hand-to-hand final battle against the Iron Nail. The Super-Soldier Serum within Steve Rogers' body was neutralized by the Iron Nail, which caused him to age rapidly to match his chronological age of over ninety years old. In the end, the Falcon rescued his partner and defeated the villain, who perished inside Gungnir.[168]
Following an attack on New York from Arnim Zola, Steve decided to appoint Sam Wilson as his successor.[169] Not long after that, various Avengers and X-Men were inverted into villains and several villains inverted into heroism due to a miscast spell by the Scarlet Witch and Doctor Doom.[170] Rogers (unchanged) not only coordinated the efforts of Spider-Man and the inverted villains, now called the "Astonishing Avengers,"[171] but also donned his old armor to battle the inverted Sam,[172] until the heroes and villains could be returned to normal with the aid of the White Skull (the inverted Red Skull).[173]
Time Runs Out[]
Months earlier, a new threat had appeared before the Illuminati, that of the incursions, the collision of two universes' planets Earths which ensured the destruction of at least one of those realities.[174] After opposing the Illuminati's willingness to probably destroy whichever Earth would encounter theirs, Steve was subjected to a mind-wipe which made him forget his affiliation with the Illuminati.[175]
Shortly before losing the effects of the serum, Steve was exposed to the explosion of the Watcher's eye, which revealed deep secrets related to them to those in its blast radius,[176] Captain America remembered the mind-wipe the Illuminati submitted him to, as well as their activities regarding the possible destruction of worlds, and confronted Iron Man about it.[177] He decided that the Illuminati's actions shouldn't be tolerated, and disposed the Avengers to hunt them down.[178]
After falling into a trap set by the Illuminati, Steve was convinced to put their differences aside and start working together on a solution to save the Earth.[179] When the final incursion was finally about to happen, and with only a few minutes before the event, Steve confronted Tony to settle up. The ensuing fight between the two old friends led Steve to force Tony to admit that he had lied to him and all of their allies, when he had known about the incursions all along, but Tony also confessed that he would not change anything of his course of action. The final incursion started, and Earth-1610's planet Earth started approaching Earth-616's planet Earth while Tony and Steve kept fighting. Earth-1610's S.H.I.E.L.D. launched an invasion to Earth-616 and both Tony and Steve were crushed by a Helicarrier.[180] The two Earths ultimately collided, destroying each of the universes.[181]
Pleasant Hill and the Secret Empire[]
When the universe was brought back to existence, so was Steve Rogers and the rest of the world. A few months after these events, he became the new Chief of Civilian Oversight for S.H.I.E.L.D.,[182] and returned to the Avengers Unity Division, now based in the Schaefer Theater.[183]
Steve became involved in a conflict at a clandestine S.H.I.E.L.D. super-prison named Pleasant Hill shortly after learning about it through the Winter Soldier. When Steve confronted Maria Hill about Pleasant Hill's existence, she personally gave him a tour and learned the place's true nature. Pleasant Hill was a prison disguised as a town where its super-human inmates were turned into mild-mannered civilians with the use of a sentient Cosmic Cube named Kobik who possessed the appearance and mentality of a little girl. The peaceful town soon became a warzone when a number of inmates led by Baron Zemo orchestrated a break-out after recovering their memories and powers.[184] While looking for Kobik to have her restore peace, Steve was brutally assaulted by Crossbones. On the brink of Steve's death, Kobik used her powers to seemingly restore him to his physical prime.[185]
Unbeknownst to anyone, Kobik had been secretly indoctrinated by the Red Skull in the ways of Hydra, avoiding detection by using her powers to exist both with him and her caretakers at the same time. Her innocently deranged set of values caused her to rewrite history and create a version of Captain America loyal to Hydra.[186] This nefarious Captain America took Steve's place, while the real one became nothing but a memory inside Kobik's mindscape.[187] This Hydra loyalist Captain America insidiously operated as a sleeper agent, manipulating events until all the pieces were in place to launch a conquest of the United States,[188] and appointing himself as the Supreme Leader of the renamed Hydra Nation.[189] During this time, the amnesiac remnant of Steve's true self wandered Kobik's mindscape, until he stumbled upon Kobik herself,[190][191][192][193][194][195][196] whose physical body had been shattered into the several pieces of a Cosmic Cube by her own creation, who wished to use her to make the twisted reality he came from the definitive one.[197]
A contingent of superheroes possessing one of these fragments confronted the fascist Captain America, who held the power of almost the entirety of the Cosmic Cube.[187] When the heroes tricked Captain America into completing the Cube, the Winter Soldier reached into Kobik's mindscape, leading to Kobik bringing back to the real world the original Steve Rogers. An arduous battle ensued, during which the real Captain America defeated his nefarious counterpart.[198]
Identity Crisis[]
Soon after his return, Steve embarked on a trip across the country to reconnect with the people and restore his reputation.[199] Meanwhile, in the power vacuum created by the fall of his Hydra counterpart, a new group called Power Elite started amassing influence.[200] After Steve completed his journey, he fell the prey to the group's manipulations and was framed for the murder of Thaddeus Ross.[201]
Steve turned himself in,[202] and was imprisoned in the Myrmidon until the Daughters of Liberty broke him out.[203] After the breakout, he decided that with the mantle of Captain America tarnished it was time to let it die. Picking up his old Energy Shield and the costume he wore as a S.H.I.E.L.D. Commander, Steve decided to continue the fight under his real name, putting on his commander costume, when he admitted with Sharon Carter that Captain America is "dead."[204] He worked with the Daughters of Liberty to investigate the Scourge, who had been killing dirty NYPD cops and attempted to kill Mayor Wilson Fisk.[205][206] After discovering the identity of the Scourge as Anthony Diaz, with the help of NYPD, Steve tracked him down to a cabin, where Diaz committed suicide.[207] These events restored Steve's reputation back in the eyes of the NYPD. Afterward, he learned that the leader of the Daughters of Liberty was a resurrected Peggy Carter and that a part of Sharon Carter's soul was stolen.[208]
Back as Captain America[]
Steve returned to his Captain America role and rejoined the Avengers,[209] just in time to help Earth face the invasion of the Dark Council's armies.[210]
Personality
- —Captain America[src]
Captain America is very selfless, brave, and determined to stand up for what is right no matter how difficult the situations.[211] He is traditionally seen as one of the greatest heroes in the universe. He is a righteous and brave man who always wanted to see the good in people.[61] From even before his origins as a super hero, Steve has always devoted himself to the protection of the weak and the defense of freedom and justice.[199]
In spite of his virtues, however, Cap has been plagued by his status as man out of time.[17] Remembering his days as a soldier in World War II,[212] Cap worried that his idealism might be considered outdated in the modern world.[55] Furthermore, seeing how idealized his legacy has become throughout the years,[116] Cap sometimes believed that he might not be able to fulfill the image the world had of him.[17] Regardless, Cap is still seen as the pinnacle of heroism and an example for everyone to follow.[199]
Captain America believes in the freedom that everyone should be free to achieve their full potential. He wants people to become the best person they can be while fulfilling their American Dream. His view of American Dream is to help make the country the place where it is possible, to inspire by example, and to enable everyone's American dreams.[92]
According to Nick Fury, Rogers fought for his country during its greatest and darkest time. He inspired people when inspiration is necessary. Steve Rogers had to endure the changes that is happening in the world and he is preserved the only way he knows how by being a hero. He represents everything great about America at the same time, he represents some of its flaws. Steve Rogers will always fight for what is right. He would agree he wouldn't do anything for his country because anything is not always the right thing.[211]
Rogers personally refused to represent the American government because he will have to give up his personal freedom and place himself in a position where he might have to compromise his ideals to obey the orders from the government including compromise his dream and abandoned what he stands for. He represent the American people and the American Dream. He represent the freedom to strive to become all that people dream of becoming and being as Captain America is his American Dream.[35]
He dedicated his life to the ideals of freedom, justice, and equality and doesn't represent the American government, political system, and official policies. He represents the American Dream on the notion that human beings should have the opportunity to better their lives and attain their noblest aspirations. He believes that being as Captain America is the fulfillment of his American Dream which no one forces him to take the role or represent the ideals, but he willingly chooses to do it even though the responsibilities have weighed heavily on him at times. He does his best and tries to set a good example and try to fight a good fight.[213]
Rogers is straightforward in dealing with everyone. After the shooting incident on killing a terrorist,[214] he felt profoundly regret taking a life from someone, but he couldn't see no other way to save numerous lives of people without taking one himself. Although, he is still against the code of killing, he believes killing is morally wrong and that it should not be condoned it or sanctioned by anyone. He's willing to accept the consequences that he did and he admits to himself that he's human who errors and falls short of his ideals at times.[215]Attributes
Powers
- Super-Soldier Physiology: The Super-Soldier Serum (SSS) metabolized and permanently enhanced all of Rogers' bodily functions to the peak of human efficiency,[216][217] and is the most perfect human in existence.[218] Dr. Abraham Erskine has stated Rogers' enhanced condition is "second to none,"[219] and described its potential as being "the next step in human evolution," while still remaining completely human, but often called the "perfect man."[220] His conditioning is superior to even the most highly trained athletes.[221] He is classified as enhanced human.[222] He possesses powers superior to any Olympic-level athlete that has ever competed.[223][216] Nick Fury's intel classified him as Power Level 8.[211] Also, his super-soldier physiology is definite, meaning that if Rogers choose to live an unhealthy lifestyle, none of his powers would weaken, and the Super-Soldier Serum in his bloodstream will keep him in top physical form.[224] Dr. Keith Kincaid theorized that as long as some of the serum remains in Rogers' body, it would be able to reproduce itself and sustain Rogers' powers.[93] The serum also prevented crystallization of Rogers' bodily fluids allowing him to enter a survivable form of suspended animation for decades.[223][55]
- Peak Human Strength: Rogers' physical strength is enhanced to the very peak of human potential, making him consistently able to sustain overhead lift 800 lbs (363 kg),[10] curls 500 lbs,[225] and bench press 2,200 pounds (1,100 lbs on each side of the bar) as a warm-up. Taking into account that it was a warm-up; it can be considered that Steve is able to push his body much further.[226]
- Peak Human Speed: Rogers' speed is amplified to the highest human potential, allowing him to run at a sustained 30 miles per hour (48 kilometers per hour) for extended periods.[218][10] He was able to complete a 40-yard dash in 3.82 seconds (20.94 miles per hour),[227] or a mile "in just over a minute" (60 miles per hour).[228]
- Superhuman Endurance: It has been said that the Super-Soldier Serum enhanced Rogers' endurance to a superhuman degree level.[229]
- Peak Human Agility: Rogers' agility is amplified to the highest human potential.[218] He is extremely agile for a person of his musculature and is able to execute complex gymnastic stunts with minimal effort.[223]
- Peak Human Durability: Rogers' durability is amplified to the highest human potential making him extraordinary durable.[231] This has allowed him to survive many forms of extensive punishment throughout his career that would either injure or kill an ordinary human. He is able to withstand nearby explosions,[232] gunshots,[233][234] full impact force of a collapsed building after having been smashed through many walls and floors by the Red Skull,[235] and surviving falls from great heights, such as when he once landed on a vehicle after jumping from a low altitude aircraft,[236] or a high altitude, low open parachute jump from ten miles up, with little to no injury.[237] He can also withstand being struck by opponents with superhuman strength like Spider-Man,[238] Iron Man,[24] Namor,[239] and Bantam[240].
- Peak Human Stamina: Rogers' body automatically eliminates the excessive build-up of fatigue-producing chemicals in his muscles; contributing to his uncanny endurance and indefatigability.[218] He could also resist the freezing cold waters of the Arctic, as not only did he survive being frozen for decades, he also spent time searching for D-Man.[55][93]
- Peak Human Healing: Rogers' healing speed and efficiency is enhanced peak ability, meaning he heals much more faster than the average person.[241] The white blood cells and Super-Soldier Serum in his body are efficient enough to fight off most microbe, foreign body, and other pathogens from his body, giving him a high immunity to all infections and diseases.[216][53] Rogers has stated his metabolism is too fast for alcohol.[242] He is also more resistant to knockout[243] and hypnotic suggestion,[244] though is not immune. He is even highly immune to the deadly radiation.[245] His healing ability is enough to recover from being shot in the head with a bullet.[246]
- Peak Human Mental Processing: Rogers' mental performance is greatly enhanced to the highest limits of human potential, allowing it to operate in the most advanced and rapid manner possible.[247] His mind also processes information quickly, giving him an accelerated learning aptitude; for example, Beast once stated that Rogers can learn and master any weapon within seconds.[248] He possesses an eidetic/photographic memory and perfect recall, meaning he never forgets what he sees and experiences, paired with the ability to speed read, and can thereby intuitively understand what's likely going to happen and how best to deal with it. This enables him to remember any military tactic and apply it to any situation.[249]
- Peak Human Senses: Rogers' senses of sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch are enhanced to the highest limits of human potential.[218] He once revealed about his senses that the reason he is able to dodge bullets is because he sees faster than them.[110]
- Ageless Longevity: The Super-Soldier Serum halts Roger's aging due to perfect cells. This was tested when he spent many decades in Earth-69901 and its numerous divergent realities while fighting against Korvac's galactic empire, repeatedly dying and having time rewound, before ultimately being returned to his own time,[250] as well as spending twelve years in Dimension Z, before being returned to Earth the same day with no noticeable signs of aging.[60]
Abilities
- Master Tactician and Strategist: Rogers is a master accomplished tactician and strategist.[253] He has been widely known as one of the greatest tacticians on the planet, both on and off the battlefield.[45] He is able to formulate battle strategies and his brilliant tactical sense allows him to alter any strategy to fit the changing need of the situation.[10] Thor has acknowledged Rogers' tactical prowess and stated that he would follow him "through the gates of Hades". He and other heroes on Battleworld elected Rogers to lead them during the Secret Wars.[254] His tactical plan to rescue Namor from the Kree with the Invaders succeeded despite the Supreme Intelligence's mission.[255] He also led the Galactic Council's fleets when they were defeated by the Builders, and planned a retaliation against the Builders, which resulted in the successful liberation of the Avengers.[256]
- Master Martial Artist: Rogers is a master of hand-to-hand combat,[211] being extremely skilled in numerous martial arts through his training in the military and direction under various private instructors.[257][62][53] Additionally, he received training from William Fairbairn and Rex Applegate in close-quarters combat during WWII.[62] Rogers has stated that he is adept at every form of hand-to-hand combat known to man.[69] He utilizes boxing,[240] Judo,[258] Defendu,[62] kickboxing,[259] Jujutsu,[62] Tōde, Aikido,[260] Karate,[261] and other forms of unarmed combat disciplines,[217] and has combined these disciplines with his own unique acrobatic hand to hand combat style[223][216] creating a style that suits his strengths and enables him to use his knowledge to the best of his ability. He has also adapted the martial arts disciplines to his unique gymnastic capabilities.[16] Combined with his physical prowess, gymnastic ability, and endurance, Rogers is the ultimate human combatant.[223] According to Black Panther, Rogers is able to adapt instinctively to every situation and every fighting style.[262] Batroc the Leaper acknowledged Rogers' immense fighting skills stating that Rogers have reached the peak of his fighting prowess.[263] Daredevil considered Rogers as one of the world's greatest combatants.[264] It has been said that Rogers is one of the finest human combatants Earth has ever known[216] and one of Earth's finest combatants.[10] His immense fighting skills are so great that he defeated some of the greatest martial artists in the Marvel Universe like Taskmaster,[265][266] Wolverine,[267] Iron Fist,[268] Deadpool,[269] Black Panther,[262][270] Daredevil,[264] and Zaran.[271] He also defeated extremely skilled world class fighters like Batroc the Leaper,[272][263][273] Nick Fury,[274] Crossbones,[275] Winter Soldier[108] etc. Rogers has shown to be a master of pressure points, enabling him to use it against his opponents either to knock them out unconsciously (as he did with Dr. Malus,[276] and werewolf Falcon[277]) or immobilize them (as he did with Professor Hulk[278]). For example, he used pressure points to block a powerful blow from a superhumanly powerful John Walker with simply using his hand, resulting in John becoming in very great pain and temporarily incapacitate him.[279] He defeated highly skilled fighters including empowered Red Skull via Cosmic Cube,[280] Kang,[281] etc. Rogers once stated that he would have to fight at the peak of his ability to defeat Shang-Chi in hand-to-hand combat.[282] He is far more than skilled enough to defeat superhumans like Lady Deathstrike,[283] Nuke,[163] Beast,[284] Absorbing Man,[285] Spider-Man,[286] Rhino,[287] Scorpion,[288] Iron Man,[115] Anti-Cap,[289] John Walker,[290] Bushmaster,[291] Armadillo,[292] etc. He stalemated the experienced Spider-Man (who wore the Iron Spider Armor at the time which enhanced his already spider-like superhuman abilities) in combat and the latter acknowledged Rogers's fighting skills stating that he is able to predict his every move, skill, and power by only studying him during their fight and further said that Rogers knows more about hand-to-hand fighting than he would "learn in a hundred years".[293] He defeated the entire room of Dark Elves[294] and multiple Power Broker enhanced men.[215] He also defeated a large group of Super-Soldiers while depowered and then defeated many more when his powers were restored,[125][127] as well as overpowered a boxer augmented by Power Broker, Inc. using nothing but his boxing skills.[240] Rogers has trained Iron Man,[295] Spider-Man,[296] Hawkeye,[297] Falcon,[261] Wonder Man,[260] etc. in hand-to-hand combat.
- Master Shield Fighter: Rogers' years of training and experience with his unique shield, as well as its physical properties, allowing him to accomplish amazing feats with the item. Aside from bashing foes and blocking incoming attacks,[298][299] he is able to throw it with nearly perfect aim, being able to estimate its hit and rebounding return virtually to the millimeter.[218] Rogers can hit multiple targets with the same throw by means of ricochet, and could even achieve a boomerang-like return effect, allowing him to strike enemies from behind or retrieve the shield without objects to ricochet from.[299][300][301]
- Master Acrobat: Rogers is a master acrobat, enabling him to perform extremely high-level of extraordinary complex gymnastic feats.[253] His years of extensive training and vast experience have made him a extremely highly skilled acrobat, gymnast, and aerialist.[302][303] He often utilizes these talents in combat for both evasive and offensive purposes.[225] He engages in a daily regimen of rigorous exercise (including aerobics, weightlifting, gymnastics, and simulated combat) to keep himself in peak condition.[216]
- Master Leadership: One of the greatest skills he possesses is exceptional leadership.[218] He is a widely respected, and naturally charismatic leader.[10] His immense leadership is so great that he exudes authority that commands respect from virtually everyone he encounters. He has stilled entire regiments with little more than a few words; conquerors, extraterrestrials, and even gods have been impressed by his innate nobility.[218]
- Indomitable Will: Rogers is a very strong-willed person. He is able to overcome all forms of temptation, mind control, and resist the effects of extreme pain, drugs, and toxins to a great extent. Rogers accepts his own mortality and refuses to rob any sapient being of their freedom. During the Destiny War, he destroyed the Forever Crystal, deciding it was too dangerous to exist, despite the many benefits of its power.[304] Rogers is also capable of resisting many forms of mind control; like the powers of the Purple Man,[305] the seduction enchantment powers of the Enchantress,[306] the maddening effects of the Madbomb,[307] and the Red Skull's use of the telepathic brain of Charles Xavier, but fought constantly to maintain his true senses.[308]
- Professional Sketch Artist: Rogers has great artistic skill which he developed from childhood. Rogers often worked as a freelance illustrator and sketch artist even loaning his skills to the NYPD for a time. He enjoys drawing and does so with his free time.[309][310] He has even done some pencil work for Marvel Comics where he drew some of his own adventures for them, as he is listed as the penciler for Marvels Comics: Captain America #1.[311]
- Master Marksman: Rogers is a highly proficient marksman and can throw most projectile weaponry with great aim. He is also well-versed in the use of firearms, though he prefers not to use them.[312]
- Master Swordsman: Steve is highly proficient with swords and staffs but is more comfortable with his shield. He demonstrated to use his swordsmanship skills when fighting Wolverine, a master swordsman, in a sword fight on equal terms and even gaining an upper hand on him.[313]
- Master Stick Fighter: Although Rogers prefers to use his shield, he is shown to be an extraordinary master in stick fighting. As evidenced when Rogers used Daredevil's Billy Club to fight against Daredevil in their duel fight with great skill.[314]
- Master Weaponry: Rogers does not typically utilize weapons other than his shield, but in desperate situations he wields additional weapons to ensure victory. He can master any weapons in a matter of seconds.[248] He is proficient in wielding swords, daggers, throwing knifes, staffs, sticks, tonfa, axes, maces and even firearms.[315][214][29]
- Master Hacker: Rogers can hack into any advanced computer systems without tippling firewalls and security.[316]
- Master Pilot: Rogers is a master pilot,[253] and he has demonstrated to flight many aircrafts throughout his career including Quincarrier,[237] Avngers Quinjet, etc.
- Multilingual: Rogers is fluent in English, Spanish,[317] Japanese, German,[221] Russian,[221][318] French,[319] and some Italian.[320] He is also fluent in other languages.[218][10]
- Expert Vehicular Driver: Rogers is highly proficient in driving cars, motorcycles, trucks, jets, tankers, helicopters, motorboats, submarines, and some types of trains and utility vehicles.[321][4] He amazes Flag-Smasher by immediately mastering sky-skis despite never having used them before.[230]
Paraphernalia
Equipment
Captain America's Uniform: As Captain America, he wears a uniform of woven chain armor of industrial strength durability,[218] and at one point is said to be bulletproof.[247] It is stated that his costume is constructed of super-durable chain mail,[231] and it also stated that his costume protects him from most forms of attack.[221]
Utility Belt: Rogers wears a utility belt containing mission-specific equipment such as a first aid kit (containing tweezers, antiseptic gel coated band aids, bone and muscle pain reliever spray cans and antidotes for some toxins.), military cable, smoke grenades,[322] lock picks, grenades, and several other materials. As Commander Rogers, he utilized a photon energy version of his shield, and carried a flechette gun that fired triangular shield-shaped blades.[10] He sometimes carries a grappling hook gun, tranquilizer dart gun, grenades, and a device that generates a solid light energy facsimile of Captain America's Shield.[217]
Weapons
Captain America's Shield: Captain America's primary weapon is his shield, a concave disk that is 2.5 feet in diameter, weighing 12 pounds.[325] It is made of a unique Vibranium and Proto-Adamantium steel alloy that has never been duplicated.[325] The Shield was cast by American metallurgist Dr. Myron MacLain, who was contracted by the U.S. government to create an impenetrable substance to use for tanks during World War II.[272] During his experiments, MacLain infused Proto-Adamantium with Vibranium steel alloy and created the disc-shaped shield.[272][325] MacLain was never able to duplicate the process due to his inability to identify a still unknown catalyst that played a role in the metal bonding.[325] The shield was awarded to Captain America by the government several months after the beginning of his career.[53] The shield has great aerodynamic properties: it is able to slice through the air with minimal wind resistance and deflection of path.[325] Its great overall resilience, combined with its natural concentric stiffness, enables it to rebound from objects with minimal loss of angular momentum.[325] The shield is more durable than even Adamantium.[231] It can absorb nearly infinite kinetic energy.[326] The shield is immune to the effects of Magento's powers.[327] It is virtually indestructible: the shield is impenetrable by even the strongest Adamantium and it is resistant to all temperature extremes, penetration, and unaffected by any known form of radiation;[253] it is also resistant to any other form of earthly energy; barring alteration of its molecular structure.[218] The only way it can be damaged in any way is by the direct breakdown of its molecular bonding.[253] Additionally, only godly or cosmic power has proven able to affect the shield.[218] For example, the shield has only ever been damaged or destroyed five times by Thor wielding the Odin-Force,[328] Doctor Doom with the powers he stole from the Beyonder,[329] Thanos with the power of the Infinity Gauntlet,[45] Molecule Man and his total control over matter,[330] and the Serpent after augmenting his strength with the fear of people from all over the world.[331]
Energy Shield: After the destruction of the first a replica of his original triangular shield, he was gifted with a photonic shield by Agent 13 (Sharon Carter). The energy shield is able to absorb and redirect kinetic energy, emit energy blasts, and transform into an energy sword. The energy shield was generated by a device housed in his glove.[332] The energy shield is able to withstand even the fully charged speed attack from The Rhino without sustaining any damage.[332]
Transportation
Notes
- Captain America's official membership status in the Avengers charter has been subject to revision. Initially, he was considered the team's first recruit after the founders, and was reported as such in many publications.[337] The Avengers Charter, published in Avengers Annual #13, was signed by the Hulk and the other founders, not Cap. In Avengers #347, Iron Man also "pulled rank" on Captain America on Hala, claiming to be the "only founding member present".
- Beginning with Avengers (Vol. 3) #4, however, the idea of Captain America being a "retroactive founder" of the Avengers was put forth, allegedly replacing the Hulk in official documents as a founding member in order to ensure the team's good name was properly upheld. Avengers: Earth's Mightiest Heroes went further and stated this retroactive founder status was established behind-the-scenes in the early days of the Avengers, prior to Avengers #16.
- His mental resilience was shown when Steve was able to wear Nova's helmet and connect his mind to the Xandarian Worldmind for the first time without going mad.[338]
- Steve Rogers has been shown to be worthy of wielding Mjolnir.[333][132][198][339]
- He is one of few people capable of accessing Iron Man's armory,[180] and is one of two foreigners entrusted with the Black Panther's technology.[340]
- At the Pentagon, Captain America was granted a Paladin-Plus Clearance.[341]
- Steve has done some pencil work for Marvel Comics where he drew some of his own adventures for them, as he is listed as the penciler for Marvels Comics: Captain America #1.[311]
Trivia
- Joe Simon initially considered calling his new character "Super American". He quickly changed it to "Captain America", arguing that there were too many "Supers" and not a lot of "Captains" in comics.[342]
- Captain America was one of the characters featured in Series A of the Marvel Value Stamps issued in the 1970s.[343][344][345][346]
- In 1996's DC vs. Marvel, Batman fought against Captain America. Their fight was a draw until the sewer where they were fighting got flooded. The current knocked both combatants off-balance, causing Cap's shield to miss his opponent whereas Batman managed to hit Steve's head with a batarang and knock him out.[347] In the same series, Captain America defeated Bane, who is known for crippling Bruce Wayne.[19]
- Batman acknowledged in the JLA/Avengers crossover that it is possible Captain America could beat him, but it would take him a very long time.[348]
- Steve Rogers is one of the few people that Deadpool truly respects, due to Captain America being Wade's childhood hero. Since both gained their abilities as a result of experimentation, Rogers empathizes with Wade, and is one of the few heroes shown to genuinely like the Merc with a Mouth.[349]
- Due to his connection to the events in World War II and subsequent suspended animation, Cap is one of the few characters whose backstory isn't affected by Marvel's sliding timeline.
- Captain America was ranked 6th on IGN's "Top 100 Comic Book Heroes of All Time" in 2011.[350]
- Captain America was also ranked 2nd on IGN's "Top 25 Best Marvel Superheroes" in 2014.[351]
- Nick Fury's intel classified Rogers as power level 8.[211]
- Steve favors Earl Grey tea.[352] His favorite food, as provided by Jarvis, include American cheese on whole wheat, with a glass of milk.[353]
- Steve Rogers personally hates tattoos.[242]
- Captain America's favorite romantic comedy is You've Got Mail.[354]
- Rogers has at times owned the copyright to the Captain America Uniform and even threatened to take legal action against USAgent when he wore a version of it without his permission.[279]
- Captain America was merged with two DC characters, Superman and Captain Marvel Jr. to create Super-Soldier,[347] and Captain America Jr, respectively. [355] In Tarot #3, two halves of Captain America merged with the halves of Hulk and Silver Surfer to create Captain Cosmos and Major Gamma.
- Captain America was ranked 2nd in "The Top 50 Avengers" in 2012.[356]
- Emma Frost reminds Steve of his mother.[357]
See Also
- 3772 appearance(s) of Steven Rogers (Earth-616)
- 45 appearance(s) in handbook(s) of Steven Rogers (Earth-616)
- 771 minor appearance(s) of Steven Rogers (Earth-616)
- 962 mention(s) of Steven Rogers (Earth-616)
- 38 mention(s) in handbook(s) of Steven Rogers (Earth-616)
- 5488 image(s) of Steven Rogers (Earth-616)
- 520 quotation(s) by or about Steven Rogers (Earth-616)
- 43 victim(s) killed by Steven Rogers (Earth-616)
- 14 item(s) used/owned by Steven Rogers (Earth-616)
Links and References
- Steven Rogers on Marvel.com
- Steven Rogers on Wikipedia.org
- Captain America on Fortnite Wiki
- Captain America (Steve Rogers) at Comicvine.com
References
- ↑ "Steve" Rogers revealed in Captain America Comics #1
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Captain America Comics #1
- ↑ Captain America #405
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Captain America #336
- ↑ Captain America #180
- ↑ Avengers (Vol. 8) #41
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Amazing Spider-Man #666
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Captain America #420
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Captain America #331
- ↑ 10.00 10.01 10.02 10.03 10.04 10.05 10.06 10.07 10.08 10.09 10.10 10.11 10.12 10.13 10.14 10.15 10.16 10.17 10.18 10.19 Avengers: Roll Call #1
- ↑ Runaways (Vol. 2) #10
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Cable & Deadpool #30
- ↑ Wolverine (Vol. 3) #54
- ↑ Marvel Team-Up (Vol. 3) #14
- ↑ Amazing Spider-Man #537
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 Avengers Assemble #1
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 Captain America: Man Out of Time #1
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 Cable & Deadpool #46
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 Marvel Versus DC #2
- ↑ Captain America #270
- ↑ Wolverine: Origins #16
- ↑ 22.0 22.1 Avengers #24
- ↑ Avengers #144
- ↑ 24.0 24.1 24.2 24.3 24.4 Civil War #3
- ↑ Captain America #411
- ↑ Captain America #372
- ↑ 27.0 27.1 Avengers (Vol. 3) #2
- ↑ Captain America #304
- ↑ 29.0 29.1 Captain America #359
- ↑ 30.0 30.1 Captain America #451
- ↑ 31.0 31.1 Deadpool (Vol. 6) #35
- ↑ Avengers: The Initiative #2
- ↑ Captain America #120
- ↑ 34.0 34.1 Captain America #247
- ↑ 35.0 35.1 Captain America #332
- ↑ New X-Men #130
- ↑ Avengers Assemble (Vol. 3) #1
- ↑ X-Men (Vol. 6) #25
- ↑ Thunderbolts #50
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 5) #30
- ↑ Spectacular Spider-Man Super Special #1
- ↑ Carnage, U.S.A. #2
- ↑ Marvel Super Heroes Secret Wars #11
- ↑ Marvel Super Heroes Secret Wars #12
- ↑ 45.0 45.1 45.2 Infinity Gauntlet #4
- ↑ Infinity Gauntlet #6
- ↑ 47.0 47.1 Avengers #177
- ↑ 48.0 48.1 Captain America (Vol. 5) #25
- ↑ Captain America: Reborn #1
- ↑ Captain America: Reborn #6
- ↑ 51.0 51.1 A.X.E.: Judgment Day #5
- ↑ Captain America #311
- ↑ 53.0 53.1 53.2 53.3 53.4 53.5 Captain America #255
- ↑ Avengers #71
- ↑ 55.0 55.1 55.2 55.3 55.4 55.5 Avengers #4
- ↑ 56.0 56.1 Captain America #250
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 11) #7
- ↑ [[Captain America 283 In contradiction with the fact that Rogers was supposed to have a Revolutionary War era ancestor already living in the colonies that would become the U.S.A. versus both of his own parents were immigrants themselves from outside the U.S.A. If true, the Revolutionary War-era Rogers or his direct descendant who had maintained the surname of Rogers left the USA after its initial formation as an independent country.|[[Captain America #283|Captain America 283]] In contradiction with the fact that Rogers was supposed to have a Revolutionary War era ancestor already living in the colonies that would become the U.S.A. versus both of his own parents were immigrants themselves from outside the U.S.A. If true, the Revolutionary War-era Rogers or his direct descendant who had maintained the surname of Rogers left the USA after its initial formation as an independent country.]]
- ↑ [[recounted in Captain America 255|recounted in [[Captain America #255|Captain America 255]]]]
- ↑ 60.0 60.1 Captain America (Vol. 7) #11
- ↑ 61.0 61.1 Captain America #109
- ↑ 62.0 62.1 62.2 62.3 62.4 Marvels Project #5
- ↑ His title of "Captain" was apparently a tribute to a "Captain Rogers" who served in the Revolutionary War.
- ↑ Giant-Size Invaders #1
- ↑ Uncanny X-Men #268
- ↑ [[In What If? 4 Colonel Farrow read from a Top-Secret Dispatch dated April 18, 1945.|In [[What If? #4|What If? 4]] Colonel Farrow read from a Top-Secret Dispatch dated April 18, 1945.]]
- ↑ Avengers #5
- ↑ Avengers #10
- ↑ 69.0 69.1 Avengers #6
- ↑ Avengers #7
- ↑ Avengers #9–10
- ↑ Avengers #15
- ↑ Avengers #16
- ↑ Avengers #25
- ↑ Avengers #47
- ↑ Avengers #52
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 3) #22
- ↑ Sgt. Fury #13
- ↑ [[Captain America (Vol. 3) 19 (though they had done so earlier to the point of talking about getting married in Captain America 212 which had been retconned out of the existing storyline).|[[Captain America (Vol. 3) #19|Captain America (Vol. 3) 19]] (though they had done so earlier to the point of talking about getting married in Captain America 212 which had been retconned out of the existing storyline).]]
- ↑ [[starting formally in Captain America 133|starting formally in [[Captain America #133|Captain America 133]]]]
- ↑ Captain America #156
- ↑ Captain America #158
- ↑ Captain America #176–180
- ↑ Captain America #183
- ↑ Captain America #282
- ↑ Avengers #277
- ↑ Captain America #334
- ↑ Captain America #337
- ↑ Captain America #348
- ↑ Captain America #351
- ↑ Captain America #373
- ↑ 92.0 92.1 Captain America #377
- ↑ 93.0 93.1 93.2 Captain America #384
- ↑ Captain America #425
- ↑ 95.0 95.1 Captain America #437
- ↑ 96.0 96.1 Captain America #438
- ↑ Captain America #445
- ↑ 98.0 98.1 Captain America #449
- ↑ Secret War #2
- ↑ Secret War #1
- ↑ Secret War #5
- ↑ Avengers #503
- ↑ New Avengers #1–3
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 5) #1
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 5) #6
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 5) #8
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 5) #3
- ↑ 108.0 108.1 108.2 Captain America (Vol. 5) #14
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 5) #16
- ↑ 110.0 110.1 Captain America (Vol. 5) #17
- ↑ 111.0 111.1 111.2 111.3 111.4 111.5 Civil War #1
- ↑ 112.0 112.1 Civil War #6
- ↑ Black Panther (Vol. 4) #18
- ↑ Heroes for Hire (Vol. 2) #2
- ↑ 115.0 115.1 115.2 115.3 115.4 Civil War #7
- ↑ 116.0 116.1 Fallen Son: The Death of Captain America #5
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 5) #28
- ↑ Thor (Vol. 3) #11
- ↑ Captain America: Reborn #3 -4
- ↑ Captain America: Reborn #4
- ↑ Siege #1
- ↑ Siege #2
- ↑ Siege #4
- ↑ Dark Avengers #16
- ↑ 125.0 125.1 Steve Rogers: Super-Soldier #1
- ↑ Steve Rogers: Super-Soldier #2
- ↑ 127.0 127.1 Steve Rogers: Super-Soldier #3
- ↑ Steve Rogers: Super-Soldier #4
- ↑ Fear Itself #1–2
- ↑ Fear Itself #3–4
- ↑ Fear Itself #5–6
- ↑ 132.0 132.1 132.2 Fear Itself #7
- ↑ Amazing Spider-Man #667
- ↑ Venom (Vol. 2) #6
- ↑ Venom (Vol. 2) #8
- ↑ Amazing Spider-Man #672
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 6) #11–14
- ↑ 138.0 138.1 Avengers: X-Sanction #1
- ↑ Avengers: X-Sanction #4
- ↑ Avengers vs. X-Men #1
- ↑ Avengers vs. X-Men #2
- ↑ Avengers vs. X-Men #4
- ↑ Avengers vs. X-Men #5
- ↑ Avengers vs. X-Men #6
- ↑ Avengers vs. X-Men #7–8
- ↑ Avengers vs. X-Men #10–11
- ↑ Avengers vs. X-Men #12
- ↑ Uncanny Avengers #1
- ↑ Uncanny Avengers #2
- ↑ Uncanny Avengers #4
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 7) #1
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 7) #2
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 7) #3
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 7) #4
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 7) #5
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 7) #6
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 7) #7
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 7) #8
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 7) #9
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 7) #10
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 7) #11–12
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 7) #13
- ↑ 163.0 163.1 Captain America (Vol. 7) #14
- ↑ 164.0 164.1 Captain America (Vol. 7) #15
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 7) #17
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 7) #18
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 7) #19
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 7) #21
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 7) #25
- ↑ Avengers & X-Men: AXIS #3
- ↑ Avengers & X-Men: AXIS #4
- ↑ Avengers & X-Men: AXIS #8
- ↑ Avengers & X-Men: AXIS #9
- ↑ New Avengers (Vol. 3) #2
- ↑ 175.0 175.1 New Avengers (Vol. 3) #3
- ↑ Original Sin #3
- ↑ Avengers (Vol. 5) #29
- ↑ Avengers (Vol. 5) #34
- ↑ Avengers (Vol. 5) #40
- ↑ 180.0 180.1 Avengers (Vol. 5) #44
- ↑ Secret Wars #1
- ↑ Captain America: Sam Wilson #2
- ↑ Uncanny Avengers (Vol. 3) #1
- ↑ Avengers Standoff: Assault On Pleasant Hill Alpha #1
- ↑ Captain America: Sam Wilson #7
- ↑ Captain America: Steve Rogers #2
- ↑ 187.0 187.1 Secret Empire #9
- ↑ Captain America: Steve Rogers #1–15
- ↑ Secret Empire #1
- ↑ Secret Empire #2
- ↑ Secret Empire #3
- ↑ Secret Empire #4
- ↑ Secret Empire #5
- ↑ Secret Empire #6
- ↑ Secret Empire #7
- ↑ Secret Empire #8
- ↑ Thunderbolts (Vol. 3) #12
- ↑ 198.0 198.1 198.2 Secret Empire #10
- ↑ 199.0 199.1 199.2 Captain America #695
- ↑ Free Comic Book Day 2018 (Avengers/Captain America) #1
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 9) #6
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 9) #7
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 9) #11
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 9) #12
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 9) #16
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 9) #17
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 9) #18
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 9) #19
- ↑ Avengers (Vol. 8) #1
- ↑ War of the Realms #1
- ↑ 211.0 211.1 211.2 211.3 211.4 Secret War: From the Files of Nick Fury #1
- ↑ Captain America #615.1
- ↑ Captain America #322
- ↑ 214.0 214.1 Captain America #321
- ↑ 215.0 215.1 Captain America #323
- ↑ 216.0 216.1 216.2 216.3 216.4 216.5 Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe (Vol. 2) #2
- ↑ 217.0 217.1 217.2 Captain America: America's Avenger #1
- ↑ 218.00 218.01 218.02 218.03 218.04 218.05 218.06 218.07 218.08 218.09 218.10 218.11 218.12 218.13 All-New Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe A to Z: Update #2
- ↑ Tales of Suspense #63
- ↑ Adventures of Captain America #1
- ↑ 221.0 221.1 221.2 221.3 Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe: Golden Age 2004 #1
- ↑ Civil War Files #1
- ↑ 223.0 223.1 223.2 223.3 223.4 223.5 Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe #2
- ↑ Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe A to Z #2
- ↑ 225.0 225.1 Avengers #170
- ↑ Captain America #402
- ↑ AVX: Vs #2
- ↑ Captain America: 65th Anniversary Special #1
- ↑ Marvel Avengers: The Ultimate Character Guide #2
- ↑ 230.0 230.1 Captain America #349
- ↑ 231.0 231.1 231.2 Civil War: Battle Damage Report #1
- ↑ Civil War #4
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 3) #11
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 3) #3
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 4) #32
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 6) #2
- ↑ 237.0 237.1 Captain America: Living Legend #2
- ↑ Amazing Spider-Man (Vol. 3) #2
- ↑ Captain America #423
- ↑ 240.0 240.1 240.2 Captain America Annual #12
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 6) #11
- ↑ 242.0 242.1 Captain America (Vol. 4) #27
- ↑ Captain America #171
- ↑ Captain America #283
- ↑ All-New Invaders #5
- ↑ Captain America and the Falcon #13–14
- ↑ 247.0 247.1 Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe Master Edition #2
- ↑ 248.0 248.1 Secret Avengers #16
- ↑ Captain America: Theater of War - To Soldier On #1
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 3) #18
- ↑ Captain America #405–407
- ↑ Avengers (Vol. 8) #41–44
- ↑ 253.0 253.1 253.2 253.3 253.4 Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe: Avengers 2004 #1
- ↑ Marvel Super Heroes Secret Wars #1
- ↑ All-New Invaders #3-4
- ↑ Infinity #3
- ↑ Captain America Annual #10
- ↑ Avengers #44
- ↑ Captain America #412
- ↑ 260.0 260.1 Wonder Man (Vol. 2) #5
- ↑ 261.0 261.1 Captain America #118
- ↑ 262.0 262.1 Contest of Champions II #4
- ↑ 263.0 263.1 Captain America (Vol. 3) #4
- ↑ 264.0 264.1 Captain America #375
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 3) #44
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 9) #5
- ↑ Wolverine: Origins #20
- ↑ Iron Fist #12
- ↑ Despicable Deadpool #296
- ↑ Black Panther (Vol. 8) #13
- ↑ Capatain America and Iron Man #633
- ↑ 272.0 272.1 272.2 Captain America #303
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 4) #30
- ↑ Strange Tales #159
- ↑ Captain America #378
- ↑ Captain America #329
- ↑ Captain America #164
- ↑ Incredible Hulk #406
- ↑ 279.0 279.1 New Invaders #8
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 3) #17
- ↑ Avengers (Vol. 3) #54
- ↑ Heroic Age: Heroes #1
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 3) #1
- ↑ Infinity Crusade #5
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 3) #24
- ↑ Amazing Spider-Man #187
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 3) #10
- ↑ Captain America #122
- ↑ Captain America and the Falcon #14
- ↑ Captain America #350
- ↑ Captain America #382
- ↑ Captain America #308
- ↑ Amazing Spider-Man #534
- ↑ Avengers: Prime #1
- ↑ Iron Man #125
- ↑ Friendly Neighborhood Spider-Man #1
- ↑ New Avengers #33
- ↑ Captain America Comics #2
- ↑ 299.0 299.1 New Avengers #21
- ↑ Captain America (Vol. 3) #2
- ↑ Captain America: Man Out of Time #2
- ↑ Avengers (Vol. 7) #3.1
- ↑ Captain America #314
- ↑ Avengers: Forever #12
- ↑ New Thunderbolts #12
- ↑ Marvel Super Heroes Secret Wars #8
- ↑ Captain America #193
- ↑ Uncanny Avengers #3–4
- ↑ Captain America #616
- ↑ Avenging Spider-Man #5
- ↑ 311.0 311.1 Marvels Comics: Captain America #1
- ↑ Captain America #321–322
- ↑ Wolverine: Origins #4–5
- ↑ Daredevil (Vol. 3) #2
- ↑ Adventures of Captain America #2
- ↑ Daredevil #233
- ↑ Captain America: Dead Men Running #1
- ↑ Captain America #353
- ↑ Amazing X-Men (Vol. 2) #11
- ↑ Avengers: Prime #2
- ↑ Captain America #259
- ↑ Superior Spider-Man Team-Up #1
- ↑ Captain America #435–437
- ↑ Captain America #198
- ↑ 325.0 325.1 325.2 325.3 325.4 325.5 Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe #15
- ↑ Captain America: Sentinel of Liberty (Vol. 2) #1
- ↑ New Mutants #40
- ↑ Avengers (Vol. 3) #63
- ↑ Secret Wars (1984 Event)
- ↑ Avengers #215
- ↑ Fear Itself #5
- ↑ 332.0 332.1 Captain America (Vol. 3) #9
- ↑ 333.0 333.1 Thor #390
- ↑ Captain America #432
- ↑ Iron Man #314
- ↑ War of the Realms #3
- ↑ Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe (Vol. 2) #1
- ↑ Secret Avengers #3
- ↑ Avengers (Vol. 8) #28
- ↑ Black Panther/Captain America: Flags of Our Fathers #3
- ↑ Avengers (Vol. 3) #20
- ↑ Cronin, Brian (26 January 2017) Comic Legends: What Was Captain America's Original Name? CBR.com. Retrieved on 26 January 2017.
- ↑ Conan the Barbarian #37
- ↑ Defenders #15
- ↑ Frankenstein #16
- ↑ Werewolf by Night #24
- ↑ 347.0 347.1 Marvel Versus DC #3
- ↑ JLA/Avengers #2
- ↑ Death of Wolverine: Deadpool & Captain America #1
- ↑ IGN's Top 100 Comic Book Heroes IGN.com. Retrieved on 11 November 2017.
- ↑ Top 25 Best Marvel Superheroes IGN.com. Retrieved on 10 September 2014.
- ↑ Avengers #690
- ↑ Captain America #309
- ↑ Deadpool (Vol. 7) #2
- ↑ Unlimited Access #4
- ↑ Captain America listed as 2nd top Avenger in IGN's official site
- ↑ Marauders #21
- ↑ Marvel Avengers: The Ultimate Character Guide #2
- ↑ Avengers: Roll Call Vol 1 1