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{{Marvel Database:Race Template |
{{Marvel Database:Race Template |
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| Image = Vodu.jpg |
| Image = Vodu.jpg |
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| − | | |
+ | | Title = Vodū |
| ⚫ | |||
| − | | Aliases = Loa (Haitian name), Orishas (Yoruba name), Orixa (Spanish name), Vodu (Fon name), West African gods |
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| + | | Aliases = [[Orishas]]{{r|Thor & Hercules: Encyclopaedia Mythologica #1}}, [[West African Gods]],{{r|Thor & Hercules: Encyclopaedia Mythologica #1}} Voodoo{{r|Doctor Voodoo: Avenger of the Supernatural #1|; [[Jericho Drumm (Earth-616)|Brother Voodoo]]'s entry}} |
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| Identity = |
| Identity = |
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| Affiliation = |
| Affiliation = |
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| UnusualFeatures = |
| UnusualFeatures = |
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| − | | Origin = |
+ | | Origin = Pantheon; Nature Gods{{r|Doctor Strange, Sorcerer Supreme #17}} |
| GalaxyOfOrigin = |
| GalaxyOfOrigin = |
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| StarSystemOfOrigin = |
| StarSystemOfOrigin = |
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| HomePlanet = |
| HomePlanet = |
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| PlaceOfBirth = |
| PlaceOfBirth = |
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| − | | Creators = |
+ | | Creators = Don Rico; Werner Roth |
| − | | First = Lorna the Jungle |
+ | | First = Lorna, the Jungle Queen #5 |
| + | | Overview = The '''Vodū''' are a humanoid race of extradimensional beings that hail from [[Orun]], a small [[Glossary:Pocket-Dimension|pocket-dimension]] adjacent to [[Earth]]. An interdimensional nexus between Orun and Earth is located in [[Africa]]. They are also known as the West African Gods who have been worshiped by the [[humans]] of [[Africa]] as early as 10,000 BC.{{citation}} or 2900 BC.{{r|All-New Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe #3|; [[Council of Godheads (Earth-616)|Council of Godheads]]' entry}} |
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| ⚫ | |||
| − | ------- |
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| − | ===Ancient History=== |
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| − | ---------- |
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| ⚫ | |||
| + | They continue to be worshiped in areas such as [[West Africa]], the [[Caribbean]] (particularly [[Haiti]] and [[Cuba]]), and [[Central America]].{{r|Thor & Hercules: Encyclopaedia Mythologica #1|; The Vodū's entry}} |
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| ⚫ | For centuries tribes in the Congo worshiped the |
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| + | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| + | ===Origins=== |
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| + | According to ancient myths, [[Buluku (Earth-616)|Buluku]], the supreme all-father of the Vodū, merged with the primordial Earth Mother [[Gaea (Earth-616)|Gaea]] (later known among the Vodū alternatively as "Nana," "Ale," and "Asase Ya"), and sired twin offspring: the sun god [[Lusa (Earth-616)|Lusa]] and the moon goddess [[Mahu (Earth-616)|Mahu]]. As a result of this merging, the "supreme creator" was sometimes worshipped by mortals as the androgynous "Nana Buluku." Vodū worshippers believe that Lusa and Mahu joined forces to create the mortal world, mortal life, and mortal technology in four days' time. Buluku remained in [[Orun]], content to leave this newborn mortal world's care to his children. Lusa and Mahu, in turn, sired several divine pairs of twins, including [[Avlekete (Earth-616)|Avlekete]] and [[Ezili (Vodu) (Earth-616)|Ezili]], [[Ogun (Vodu) (Earth-616)|Ogun]] and [[Shango (Earth-616)|Shango]], [[Dam-Ayido Wede (Earth-616)|Dam-Ayido Wede]] and [[Sagbata (Earth-616)|Sagbata]], and [[Eschu (Vodu) (Earth-616)|Eschu]] and [[Legba (Vodu) (Earth-616)|Legba]].{{r|Thor & Hercules: Encyclopaedia Mythologica #1|; The Vodū's entry}} |
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| + | |||
| + | ===2900 BC=== |
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| + | The Vodu were worshiped as early as 2900 BC.{{r|All-New Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe #3|; [[Council of Godheads (Earth-616)|Council of Godheads]]' entry}} |
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| + | |||
| + | ===12th century=== |
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| + | As early as the [[12th century]], the [[Yoruba]] people of the [[Niger River]] [[Niger River Valley|valley]] (in modern-day [[Nigeria]]) started worshiping the [[Vodū]] gods (as did the [[Fon]] people of [[Dahomey]] (in modern-day [[Benin]]). The [[Yorubans]] knew the Vodū [[Sky Father]] [[Buluku (Earth-616)|Buluku]] as "Olorun".<!-- {{r|Thor & Hercules: Encyclopaedia Mythologica #1|; The [[Vodū]]'s entry}} --> |
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| + | |||
| + | Lusa, Mahu, and their family became directly active in mortal affairs and descended to the ancient city of [[Ife]], the legendary first city of the [[Yoruba people]]. Eventually, their twins, who each possessed a unique aspect of Buluku's omnipotence, strayed from Ife and settled in other mortal cities in [[Western Africa]].{{r|Thor & Hercules: Encyclopaedia Mythologica #1|; The Vodū's entry}} Shango himself went on to rule the mortal city of [[Oyo (City)|Oyo]] (in modern-days southwestern Nigeria) for a brief time.{{r|Thor & Hercules: Encyclopaedia Mythologica #1|; [[Shango (Earth-616)|Shango]]'s entry}} |
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| + | |||
| + | When many of their worshippers were forcibly relocated to the [[Caribbean]] islands as slaves in the 16th century AD, [[Dam-Ayido Wede (Earth-616)|Dam-Ayido Wede]], the Vodūn god of serpents, followed the slave ships across the [[Atlantic Ocean]] and brought Vodū worship to the [[New World]].{{r|Thor & Hercules: Encyclopaedia Mythologica #1|; The Vodū's entry}} |
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| + | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | For centuries, tribes in the [[Congo]] worshiped the Vodū goddess known as [[Mamalu (Earth-616)|Mamalu]], until the 1950s when white settlers convinced the tribes that Mamalu did not exist. Furious, Mamalu blamed the jungle adventurer [[Lorna (Earth-616)|Lorna the Jungle Queen]] as being responsible for stealing her worshipers. She influenced a tribesman named Kabu with offers be her mate if he performed a sacrifice to bring her to Earth. Lorna attempted to stop Mamalu but it was not until that Mamalu decided to take Lorna's companion [[Greg Knight (Earth-616)|Greg Knight]] as a mate did her plan fail as the jealous Kabu seemingly slew her.{{r|Lorna, the Jungle Queen #5}} |
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===Modern Age=== |
===Modern Age=== |
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| + | Cuban-American entertainment entrepreneur [[Nestor Rodriguez (Earth-616)|Nestor "NeRo" Rodriguez]] consulted a Santerian priest ("santero") and invoked [[Eschu (Vodu) (Earth-616)|Eschu]] to empower him so that he could avenge his father, who had been murdered by the [[Wilson Fisk (Earth-616)|Kingpin (Wilson Fisk)]] years earlier. Eschu answered Rodriguez's call and granted him superhuman abilities. Calling himself "Eleggua" in honor of his patron deity, Rodriguez used his family's fortune to bankroll the [[Santerians (Earth-616)|Santerians]], a street-level vigilante team operating out of New York City and comprised of his childhood friends, who were similarly empowered by [[Ezili (Vodu) (Earth-616)|Ezili]], [[Ogun (Vodu) (Earth-616)|Ogun]], [[Oya (Vodu) (Earth-616)|Oya]], and [[Shango (Earth-616)|Shango]].{{r|Thor & Hercules: Encyclopaedia Mythologica #1|; The Vodū's entry}} |
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| − | ------ |
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| Habitat = [[Orun]] |
| Habitat = [[Orun]] |
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| Population = |
| Population = |
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| − | | Powers = |
+ | | Powers = <!-- to be rewritten --> |
| − | '''Enhanced Strength''' |
+ | *'''Enhanced Strength'''{{r|Thor & Hercules: Encyclopaedia Mythologica #1|; The Vodū's entry}} |
| − | '''Enhanced Endurance''' |
+ | *'''Enhanced Endurance'''{{r|Thor & Hercules: Encyclopaedia Mythologica #1|; The Vodū's entry}} |
| + | *'''Immortality'''{{r|Thor & Hercules: Encyclopaedia Mythologica #1|; The Vodū's entry}} |
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| − | '''Immortality'''<br/> |
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| − | '''Immunity''' |
+ | *'''Immunity''' to all terristrial diseases{{r|Thor & Hercules: Encyclopaedia Mythologica #1|; The Vodū's entry}} |
| − | '''Invulnerability''' |
+ | *'''Invulnerability'''{{r|Thor & Hercules: Encyclopaedia Mythologica #1|; The Vodū's entry}} |
| − | '''Healing Factor''' |
+ | *'''Healing Factor'''{{r|Thor & Hercules: Encyclopaedia Mythologica #1|; The Vodū's entry}} |
| − | + | Each Vodu possess a unique aspect of [[Buluku (Earth-616)|Buluku]]'s omnipotence.{{r|Thor & Hercules: Encyclopaedia Mythologica #1|; The Vodū's entry}} |
|
| + | |||
| + | Every Vodu has his unique ability -often connected to forces of nature.{{r|Thor & Hercules: Encyclopaedia Mythologica #1|; The Vodū's entry}}<!-- verify, possibly merge with precedent paragraph --> |
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| Abilities = |
| Abilities = |
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| + | | AvgStrength = Average male god can lift about 25 tons, a female goddess about 20 tons.{{r|Thor & Hercules: Encyclopaedia Mythologica #1|; The Vodū's entry}} |
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| − | '''Additional Superhuman Powers'''{{r|Thor & Hercules: Encyclopaedia Mythologica Vol 1 1}}: Every Vodu has his unique ability -often connected to forces of nature. |
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| − | | AvgStrength = |
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| ⚫ | |||
| Weaknesses = |
| Weaknesses = |
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| TechnologyLevel = |
| TechnologyLevel = |
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| CulturalTraits = |
| CulturalTraits = |
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| − | | Representatives = |
+ | | Representatives = [[Kwaku Anansi (Earth-616)|Ananai]], [[Avlekete (Earth-616)|Avlekete]], [[Babalú (Earth-616)|Babalú]], [[Buluku (Earth-616)|Buluku]], [[Dam-Ayido Wede (Earth-616)|Damballah/Dam-Ayido Wede]], [[Eschu (Vodu) (Earth-616)|Eschu/Ellegua]], [[Ezili (Vodu) (Earth-616)|Ezili]], [[Ghekre (Earth-616)|Gorilla God/Ghekre]], [[Legba (Vodu) (Earth-616)|Legba]], [[Lusa (Earth-616)|Lusa]], [[Mamalu (Earth-616)|Mamalu]], [[Mahu (Earth-616)|Mahu]], [[Ogun (Vodu) (Earth-616)|Ogun]], [[Oya (Vodu) (Earth-616)|Oya]], [[Sagbata (Earth-616)|Sagbata/Baron Samedi]], [[Shango (Earth-616)|Shango]] |
| − | |||
| − | | Notes = |
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| − | * The name "Òrìshà" is pronounced "oh-REE-shah"<ref>Joba Molei Anderson (2010). 'The Horsemen: Divine Intervention #1'. Griot Enterprises.</ref> and can be used synonymously to the word 'Vodu'. |
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| − | * The term 'Voodoo' is a malapropism of the word 'Vodun', the correct spelling of the Òrìshà based religion. It is pronounced as 'voh-DOON'; the last part (-'doon') is vocalized nasally. |
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| − | ** The term ''Voodoo'' is connected with the 'Western' misbelieving that ''Vodun'' would imply ''Black Magic'', ''Zombies'' and cursing people (often by 'Voodoo Dolls'). |
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| ⚫ | * In West Africa the Òrìshà or Vodu religions are not gathering their gods in pantheons like we know for ancient European believe systems like [[Thor Odinson (Earth-616)|Thor]]'s [[Asgardian|Asgardians]] or [[Hercules (Earth-616)|Hercules']] [[Olympians]]. Instead every family has one special Òrìshà or Vodu they worship. Said fact leads to the result that there are unmanageable accounts of Òrìshàs and countless variations in stories, origins, manifestations and interpretations in West Africa. |
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| − | ** After their deportation to the West Indies the displaced people from various locations of Africa started to organize their religion around the most important Òrìshàs under the influence of Catholic hierarchy system. ([[One-Above-All|God]] above [[Angels]] and Saints) |
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| − | *** Alongside the influences of Christian missionaries the Òrìshà believers included ideas of the indigenous people which led to special implementations from island state to island state. In Haitian 'Vodun' (better known as 'Voodoo') this resulted in the building of two so-called 'Nations' of followers, ''Rada'' and ''Petro''. ''Rada'' centers around the 'white', 'caring' aspects of the Loas (Haitian 'Vodu' term) whereas ''Petro'' centers around pain, fight and resistance. This results in two different 'personalities' of said Loas, the 'white', 'caring' side and the 'dark', 'aggressive' one. [[Ogun (Earth-616)|Ogun's]] ''Petro'' incarnation may be shown in {{c|Doctor Voodoo: Avenger of the Supernatural #3}}.<ref>'Return to your swamps of iron and pain!' in 'Doctor Voodoo: Avenger of the Supernatural #3' (Remender, Lanphear)</ref> |
||
| − | <br/> |
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| ⚫ | * In the Marvel Universe 'Vodun' is depicted as some kind of magic{{r|Strange Tales |
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| ⚫ | | Notes = * In [[West Africa]], the Òrìshà or Vodu religions are not gathering their gods in pantheons like we know for ancient European believe systems like [[Thor Odinson (Earth-616)|Thor]]'s [[Asgardian|Asgardians]] or [[Hercules (Earth-616)|Hercules']] [[Olympians]]. Instead every family has one special Òrìshà or Vodu they worship. Said fact leads to the result that there are unmanageable accounts of Òrìshàs and countless variations in stories, origins, manifestations and interpretations in West Africa. |
||
| ⚫ | * In the Marvel Universe, 'Vodun' is depicted as some kind of magic{{r|Strange Tales #172}}{{r|Strange Tales #173}} -especially as 'Black Magic'.{{r|Strange Tales #173}}{{r|Doctor Voodoo: Avenger of the Supernatural #1}}{{r|Doctor Voodoo: Avenger of the Supernatural #2}}{{r|Doctor Voodoo: Avenger of the Supernatural #4}}{{r|New Avengers Vol 2 34}} It is also suggested that 'Vodun' has or had human sacrifices a couple of times,{{r|Strange Tales #169}}{{r|Doctor Strange, Sorcerer Supreme #16}} but in reality 'Voodooists' sacrife production animals, alcohol and even vegetables. It is also shown misleadingly that the oracle uses bones to predict the future.{{r|Strange Tales #170}} In fact the oracle uses kauri mussels. |
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| Trivia = |
| Trivia = |
||
| + | | Links = * [http://www.marvunapp.com/Appendix/africg.htm African Gods at Appendix to the Handbook of the Marvel Universe] |
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| − | * There is no institutional cannon about the stories, names, gender, hierarchy or family relations about the Vodu in West African tradition. Those were mostly influenced by the contact with the Europeans, Muslims and other ethnic groups. |
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| − | ** The concept of ''One God Above All'' was influenced by Christian and Muslim belief systems. |
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| − | ** The gods [[Mahu (Earth-616)|Mawu]] and [[Lusa (Earth-616)|Lusa]] interchanged their gender in their history. |
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| − | *** [[Obatala (Earth-616)|Obatala]] is sometimes shown as female. |
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| − | ** [[Eschu (Earth-616)|Eschu]] (trickster deity) and [[Ellegua (Earth-616)|Legba]] ('god' of crossroads) are one and the same Vodu. |
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| − | ** The importance and the role or manifestation of the patricular ''Òrìshà'' varies from city to city in Nigeria. |
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| − | *** ''Olodumare'' may be the highest deity in the belief systems, but [[Ogun (Earth-616)|Ogun]] appears as the most popular one in many West African cities. |
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| − | |||
| − | * Due to the experiences of Trans-Altantic slave trade (triangle ''West Africa-America-Europe''), the oppressing by the white slaveholders and missionaries and the contact with indigenous Caribbeans the ''Vodu''/''Òrìshàs'' transformed differently from place to place which led to the many various Afrocaribbean belief systems like ''Santeria'', ''Candomble'', ''Umbanda'' or Louisianan ''Hoodoo''. |
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| − | ** [[Sagbata (Earth-616)|Sagbata]], Òrìshà of pox, became the cemetery spirit 'Baron Samedi'. |
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| − | ** [[Shango (Earth-616)|Shango]], tyrannic ruler of 'Old Oyo' (Oyo Empire), became father-like 'Papa Shango'. |
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| − | ** [[Eshu (Earth-616)|Eshu Ellegua]] was equated with the devil through his appearance as trickster. |
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| − | | Links = |
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| − | * ''[http://www.angelfire.com/planet/mythguide/african_loa.html The Vodu (African Gods) at the Guide to the Mythological Universe]'' |
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}} |
}} |
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[[Category:Pantheons]] |
[[Category:Pantheons]] |
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| + | [[Category:Nature Deities]] |
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Revision as of 02:45, 21 February 2020
In accordance with the naming conventions, it has been suggested that this page be moved to:
Vodū (Discuss).
Please do not move this page yet, as the correct name could still be in discussion and may change again soon. A robot will make the necessary page moves once any discussions are resolved.
Vodū (Discuss).
Please do not move this page yet, as the correct name could still be in discussion and may change again soon. A robot will make the necessary page moves once any discussions are resolved.
The Vodū are a humanoid race of extradimensional beings that hail from Orun, a small pocket-dimension adjacent to Earth. An interdimensional nexus between Orun and Earth is located in Africa. They are also known as the West African Gods who have been worshiped by the humans of Africa as early as 10,000 BC.[citation needed] or 2900 BC.[5]
They continue to be worshiped in areas such as West Africa, the Caribbean (particularly Haiti and Cuba), and Central America.[1]
History
Origins
According to ancient myths, Buluku, the supreme all-father of the Vodū, merged with the primordial Earth Mother Gaea (later known among the Vodū alternatively as "Nana," "Ale," and "Asase Ya"), and sired twin offspring: the sun god Lusa and the moon goddess Mahu. As a result of this merging, the "supreme creator" was sometimes worshipped by mortals as the androgynous "Nana Buluku." Vodū worshippers believe that Lusa and Mahu joined forces to create the mortal world, mortal life, and mortal technology in four days' time. Buluku remained in Orun, content to leave this newborn mortal world's care to his children. Lusa and Mahu, in turn, sired several divine pairs of twins, including Avlekete and Ezili, Ogun and Shango, Dam-Ayido Wede and Sagbata, and Eschu and Legba.[1]
2900 BC
The Vodu were worshiped as early as 2900 BC.[5]
12th century
As early as the 12th century, the Yoruba people of the Niger River valley (in modern-day Nigeria) started worshiping the Vodū gods (as did the Fon people of Dahomey (in modern-day Benin). The Yorubans knew the Vodū Sky Father Buluku as "Olorun".
Lusa, Mahu, and their family became directly active in mortal affairs and descended to the ancient city of Ife, the legendary first city of the Yoruba people. Eventually, their twins, who each possessed a unique aspect of Buluku's omnipotence, strayed from Ife and settled in other mortal cities in Western Africa.[1] Shango himself went on to rule the mortal city of Oyo (in modern-days southwestern Nigeria) for a brief time.[6]
When many of their worshippers were forcibly relocated to the Caribbean islands as slaves in the 16th century AD, Dam-Ayido Wede, the Vodūn god of serpents, followed the slave ships across the Atlantic Ocean and brought Vodū worship to the New World.[1]
20th Century
For centuries, tribes in the Congo worshiped the Vodū goddess known as Mamalu, until the 1950s when white settlers convinced the tribes that Mamalu did not exist. Furious, Mamalu blamed the jungle adventurer Lorna the Jungle Queen as being responsible for stealing her worshipers. She influenced a tribesman named Kabu with offers be her mate if he performed a sacrifice to bring her to Earth. Lorna attempted to stop Mamalu but it was not until that Mamalu decided to take Lorna's companion Greg Knight as a mate did her plan fail as the jealous Kabu seemingly slew her.[7]
Modern Age
Cuban-American entertainment entrepreneur Nestor "NeRo" Rodriguez consulted a Santerian priest ("santero") and invoked Eschu to empower him so that he could avenge his father, who had been murdered by the Kingpin (Wilson Fisk) years earlier. Eschu answered Rodriguez's call and granted him superhuman abilities. Calling himself "Eleggua" in honor of his patron deity, Rodriguez used his family's fortune to bankroll the Santerians, a street-level vigilante team operating out of New York City and comprised of his childhood friends, who were similarly empowered by Ezili, Ogun, Oya, and Shango.[1]Powers and Abilities
Powers
- Enhanced Strength[1]
- Enhanced Endurance[1]
- Immortality[1]
- Immunity to all terristrial diseases[1]
- Invulnerability[1]
- Healing Factor[1]
Each Vodu possess a unique aspect of Buluku's omnipotence.[1]
Every Vodu has his unique ability -often connected to forces of nature.[1]Average Strength Level
Average male god can lift about 25 tons, a female goddess about 20 tons.[1]
Habitat
Habitat
Miscellaneous
Type of Government
Council of the Vodû[4]
Representatives
Ananai, Avlekete, Babalú, Buluku, Damballah/Dam-Ayido Wede, Eschu/Ellegua, Ezili, Gorilla God/Ghekre, Legba, Lusa, Mamalu, Mahu, Ogun, Oya, Sagbata/Baron Samedi, Shango
Notes
- In West Africa, the Òrìshà or Vodu religions are not gathering their gods in pantheons like we know for ancient European believe systems like Thor's Asgardians or Hercules' Olympians. Instead every family has one special Òrìshà or Vodu they worship. Said fact leads to the result that there are unmanageable accounts of Òrìshàs and countless variations in stories, origins, manifestations and interpretations in West Africa.
- In the Marvel Universe, 'Vodun' is depicted as some kind of magic[8][9] -especially as 'Black Magic'.[9][10][11][12][13] It is also suggested that 'Vodun' has or had human sacrifices a couple of times,[14][15] but in reality 'Voodooists' sacrife production animals, alcohol and even vegetables. It is also shown misleadingly that the oracle uses bones to predict the future.[16] In fact the oracle uses kauri mussels.
See Also
- 27 appearance(s) of Vodū
- 3 appearance(s) in handbook(s) of Vodū
- 2 minor appearance(s) of Vodū
- 8 mention(s) of Vodū
- 3 mention(s) in handbook(s) of Vodū
- 2 invocation(s) of Vodū
- 11 image(s) of Vodū
- 27 representative(s) of Vodū
Links and References
References
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 Thor & Hercules: Encyclopaedia Mythologica #1 ; The Vodū's entry
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Thor & Hercules: Encyclopaedia Mythologica #1
- ↑ Doctor Voodoo: Avenger of the Supernatural #1 ; Brother Voodoo's entry
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Doctor Strange, Sorcerer Supreme #17
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 All-New Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe #3 ; Council of Godheads' entry
- ↑ Thor & Hercules: Encyclopaedia Mythologica #1 ; Shango's entry
- ↑ Lorna, the Jungle Queen #5
- ↑ Strange Tales #172
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Strange Tales #173
- ↑ Doctor Voodoo: Avenger of the Supernatural #1
- ↑ Doctor Voodoo: Avenger of the Supernatural #2
- ↑ Doctor Voodoo: Avenger of the Supernatural #4
- ↑ New Avengers (Vol. 2) #34
- ↑ Strange Tales #169
- ↑ Doctor Strange, Sorcerer Supreme #16
- ↑ Strange Tales #170